Ethnicity and psychopharmacology
Ethnicity and psychopharmacology
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DOI：
10.1177/0269881107082105
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Husain, N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaudhry, I. B.;Neelam, K.;Husain, N.
据报道，种族是精神药理学中一个重要但经常被忽视的因素。然而，分子生物学的最新进展和“个性化医疗”的愿景引发了一场关于种族在这一领域中的作用的辩论。本文综述了种族和民族在精神药理学中的作用。尽管关于族裔和种族概念实际衡量的内容存在相当大的争议，但它们被认为是一个人的文化、饮食、信仰、健康行为和社会态度的重要代表。研究表明，精神疾病的临床表现、治疗、临床反应和结果存在种族差异。在影响精神药物药代动力学和动力学的遗传和非遗传机制中发现了许多种族特异性差异，这可能是前面提到的跨种族药物使用和反应差异的基础。虽然其中一些种族差异可以部分地用遗传因素来解释，但一些基于种族的变量，如文化、饮食和社会态度，也可能产生重大影响，但尚未量化。未来的研究需要解决定义和准确测量“种族”的问题，以及集中精力进行研究，指导对来自不同背景的人的治疗。
Ethnicity is reported to be an important, but often ignored factor in psychopharmacology. However, recent advances in molecular biology and the vision of 'personalised medicine' have spurred a debate on the role of ethnicity in this field. This paper reviews literature on the role of race and ethnicity in psychopharmacology. Despite considerable controversy on what the concepts of ethnicity and race actually measure, they are considered as important proxies for a person's culture, diet, beliefs, health behaviours and societal attitudes. Research has shown ethnic differences in the clinical presentation, treatment, clinical response and outcome of mental illnesses. A number of ethnically specific variations have been found in the genetic and non-genetic mechanisms affecting pharmacokinetics and dynamics of psychotropic drugs, which might underlie the previously mentioned differences in drug use and response across ethnicities. Although some of these ethnic differences could be partially explained by genetic factors, a number of ethnically based variables like culture, diet and societal attitudes could potentially have a significant, but as yet unquantified influence as well. Future research needs to address the problems with defining and accurately measuring 'ethnicity', as well as focus upon conducting studies that could guide treatments for people from diverse backgrounds.