Seasonality in the altitude-diversity pattern of Alpine moths
Seasonality in the altitude-diversity pattern of Alpine moths
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DOI：
10.1016/j.baae.2010.08.009
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Lang, Sylvia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beck, Jan;Altermatt, Florian;Lang, Sylvia
海拔梯度经常被用来研究环境对物种多样性的影响。最近对鳞翅目的定量研究集中在热带山地系统，并经常报告在“中海拔”的单峰多样性峰，这一模式也经常在其他分类群中发现。在这里，我们使用了方法上可比较的、来自瑞士阿尔卑斯山的夜间长鳞翅目昆虫样本来分析环境与多样性的相关性。使用季节性数据(从4月至11月，海拔600至2400米之间的每月样本)允许将海拔和一些气候变量分离以进行分析。我们发现，海拔多样性格局随季节而变化。在春季和秋季，多样性随着海拔的升高而降低，而在夏季，多样性在中等海拔出现单峰。这排除了不允许季节性的多样性变化的所有假设原因。温度是影响多样性的重要因素，而降水则不是。这些结果分别为两个最常见的科(夜蛾科和尺蛾科)所证实。然而，这两个科的多样性格局并不是特别接近，在所有情况下，气候解释的不可解释的差异都很大。区系重叠的格局不能解释单峰多样性格局，我们认为我们缺乏对这一普遍现象的普遍有效的解释。
Altitudinal gradients are frequently used to study environmental effects on species diversity. Recent quantitative studies on Lepidoptera focussed on tropical mountain systems and often reported unimodal diversity peaks at "mid-elevations";, a pattern also often found in other taxa. Here we used methodologically comparable, nocturnal Macrolepidoptera samples from the Swiss Alps to analyze environmental correlates of diversity. Using seasonal data (monthly samples from April to November at altitudes between 600 and 2400 m a.s.l.) allowed to decouple altitude and some climate variables for analyses. We found that the altitude diversity pattern changes with season. In spring and autumn, diversity decreased with increasing altitude, while we found a unimodal peak of diversity at mid-elevations during summer. This excluded all hypothetical causes of diversity variation that do not allow for seasonality. Temperature was an important correlate of diversity, whereas precipitation was not. These results were separately corroborated for the two most common families (Noctuidae and Geometridae). However, diversity patterns of the two families were not particularly close, and unexplained variance of climatic explanations was substantial in all cases. The patterns of faunal overlap did not explain the unimodal diversity pattern, and we claim that we lack a generally valid explanation for this common phenomenon.