Assessment on the urbanization strategy in China: Achievements, challenges and reflections
Assessment on the urbanization strategy in China: Achievements, challenges and reflections
复制标题
中国城镇化战略评估：成就、挑战与反思
DOI：
10.1016/j.habitatint.2017.11.009
复制
发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Su, Hongjian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guan, Xingliang;Wei, Houkai;Su, Hongjian
“中国梦”就是“城市梦”。城镇化是推动社会进步的必然要求。中国政府将可持续城市化视为现代化和经济增长的引擎。中国的城市化进程走了一条独特的道路，也许是世界历史上最伟大的人类定居实验，在很短的时间内前所未有地改变了中国社会。但在历史进程中也出现了一些问题，中国独特的城市化道路避免了非洲、亚洲和南美洲发展中国家存在的许多陷阱。本文试图总结中国城市化进程中取得的成绩和存在的问题，为欠发达国家和地区推进城市化提供成功的经验。中国城市化最辉煌的成就是结束了几千年的农业大国，形成了一个新型的城市化国家，而这仅仅用了几十年的时间。中国城市基础设施、居住条件和城市居民公共服务有了很大改善。正在培育的城市群被认为将引领国家的社会经济转型，并拥有未来几十年城市化和经济增长的最大潜力。总体而言，我国传统的以土地为中心的城镇化是典型的“不完全城镇化”和“低质量城镇化”，呈现出高投入、高消耗、高排放、高扩张、低水平、低质量、低协调度、低包容性、低可持续性的“四高五低”特征。毫无疑问，中国传统的城市化越来越难以为继，应尽快加快转型进程。积极探索以人为本的新型城镇化道路，即集约高效、城乡融合、和谐可持续的城镇化模式。
The "China Dream" is an "Urban Dream". Urbanization is an inevitable requirement for promoting social progress. The Chinese government sees sustainable urbanization as an engine of modernization and economic growth. And the country's urbanization has followed a unique course and is perhaps the greatest human-resettlement experiment in the world history, unprecedentedly transforming the Chinese society in a very short period of time. Yet problems have arisen during the historical process, China's unique path to urbanization has avoided many of pitfalls existing in the developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America. This paper attempts to conclude the good jobs as well as problems in China's urbanizing process which might provide successful experience for the underdeveloped nations and regions to promote urbanization. The most brilliant achievement of urbanization in China is that thousands of years' agriculture-dominated country has ended and a new urbanized country has formed, which only consumed several decades. The country's urban infrastructure, living conditions and public service for urban residents have made great improvements. The fostering urban agglomerations are considered to lead the country's socio-economic transformation and possess the greatest potential for the urbanization and economic growth in the coming decades. In general, the traditional land centered urbanization in China is a typical "incomplete urbanization" and "low-quality urbanization", presenting impressive characteristics of "four highs and five lows" high investment, consumption, emission and expansion, and low level, quality, harmony degree, inclusiveness and sustainability. Undoubtedly, the traditional urbanization of China is increasingly difficult to continue and the transformation process should be speeded up as soon as possible. The country should actively explore a people-oriented new-type urbanization way, i.e. an intensive, efficient, rural-urban integration, harmonious and sustainable urbanization model.