Prevention and Control of Hypertension: JACC Health Promotion Series.

Prevention and Control of Hypertension: JACC Health Promotion Series.
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预防和控制高血压:JACC健康促进系列。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.008
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发表时间:
2018-09-11
影响因子:
24
通讯作者:
Whelton PK
Whelton PK
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carey RM;Muntner P;Bosworth HB;Whelton PK

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高血压是心血管疾病的主要危险因素,它源于遗传、环境和社会决定因素的综合作用。环境因素包括超重/肥胖、不健康饮食、膳食钠过多、膳食钾不足、体力活动不足和饮酒。高血压的预防和控制可以通过有针对性的和/或基于人群的策略来实现。为了控制高血压,有针对性的策略包括提高个体意识、治疗和控制的干预措施。相应的基于人群的策略涉及旨在实现整个人群血压(BP)小幅降低的干预措施。拥有常规的护理来源、优化依从性和最大限度地减少治疗惰性与较高的血压控制率相关。慢性病护理模式是患者、提供者和卫生系统之间的合作伙伴关系,采用了多层次的高血压控制方法。优化高血压的预防、识别和护理需要转变为基于团队的护理并使用已知的血压控制策略。高血压是世界上心血管疾病的主要危险因素,源于遗传、环境和社会决定因素的综合作用。高血压的预防和控制可以通过应用有针对性的和/或基于人群的策略来实现。慢性护理模式是患者、提供者和卫生系统之间的合作伙伴关系,采用多层次的方法来控制高血压。优化高血压的预防、识别和护理将需要转变为基于团队的护理和使用已知的控制血压策略。
Hypertension, the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease, originates from combined genetic, environmental, and social determinants. Environmental factors include overweight/obesity, unhealthy diet, excessive dietary sodium, inadequate dietary potassium, insufficient physical activity, and consumption of alcohol. Prevention and control of hypertension can be achieved through targeted and/or population-based strategies. For control of hypertension, the targeted strategy involves interventions to increase awareness, treatment, and control in individuals. Corresponding population-based strategies involve interventions designed to achieve a small reduction in blood pressure (BP) in the entire population. Having a usual source of care, optimizing adherence, and minimizing therapeutic inertia are associated with higher rates of BP control. The Chronic Care Model, a collaborative partnership among the patient, provider, and health system, incorporates a multilevel approach for control of hypertension. Optimizing the prevention, recognition, and care of hypertension requires a paradigm shift to team-based care and the use of strategies known to control BP. Hypertension is the world’s leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and originates from a combination of genetic, environmental, and social determinants. Prevention and control of hypertension can be achieved by application of targeted and/or population-based strategies. The Chronic Care Model, a collaborative partnership among the patient, provider, and health system, incorporates a multilevel approach to the control of hypertension. Optimizing prevention, recognition and care of high blood pressure will require a paradigm shift to team-based care and use of strategies known to control blood pressure.
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