Individual Differences in Rhythm Skills: Links with Neural Consistency and Linguistic Ability
Individual Differences in Rhythm Skills: Links with Neural Consistency and Linguistic Ability
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01092
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Kraus, Nina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tierney, Adam;White-Schwoch, Travis;Kraus, Nina
持续时间模式为语言结构提供线索，因此节奏技能的变化可能对语言发展产生影响。因此，了解节奏技能的个体差异有助于解释整个人群语言能力的差异。我们调查了年轻人节奏熟练度的神经基础及其与语言技能的关系。我们假设，节奏能力的特点是至少有两个结构，这是独立的语言能力和神经配置文件。具体来说，我们假设需要跨时间整合信息的节奏技能依赖于缓慢的低频听觉处理的一致性，我们使用诱发皮层反应来测量。另一方面，我们假设，节奏技能，需要精细的时间精度依赖于快速，高频听觉处理的一致性，我们测量使用频率跟随响应。节奏测试的表现与两个结构一致：节奏顺序和同步。节奏排序和同步分别与缓慢皮层和快速频率跟随反应的一致性有关。此外，节奏排序能力与言语记忆和阅读有关，而同步能力只与非言语听觉时间处理有关。因此，在不同的时间尺度上的节奏感知反映了不同的能力，这依赖于不同的听觉神经资源。在年轻人中，缓慢的节奏处理对语言技能的贡献更广泛。
Durational patterns provide cues to linguistic structure, thus so variations in rhythm skills may have consequences for language development. Understanding individual differences in rhythm skills, therefore, could help explain variability in language abilities across the population. We investigated the neural foundations of rhythmic proficiency and its relation to language skills in young adults. We hypothesized that rhythmic abilities can be characterized by at least two constructs, which are tied to independent language abilities and neural profiles. Specifically, we hypothesized that rhythm skills that require integration of information across time rely upon the consistency of slow, low-frequency auditory processing, which we measured using the evoked cortical response. On the other hand, we hypothesized that rhythm skills that require fine temporal precision rely upon the consistency of fast, higher-frequency auditory processing, which we measured using the frequency-following response. Performance on rhythm tests aligned with two constructs: rhythm sequencing and synchronization. Rhythm sequencing and synchronization were linked to the consistency of slow cortical and fast frequency-following responses, respectively. Furthermore, whereas rhythm sequencing ability was linked to verbal memory and reading, synchronization ability was linked only to nonverbal auditory temporal processing. Thus, rhythm perception at different time scales reflects distinct abilities, which rely on distinct auditory neural resources. In young adults, slow rhythmic processing makes the more extensive contribution to language skills.