Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a Large Sample of Children and Adolescents
Sex Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a Large Sample of Children and Adolescents
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DOI：
10.1007/s10803-011-1356-0
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Skuse, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mandy, William;Chilvers, Rebecca;Skuse, David
在患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的幼儿和幼儿中发现了性别差异。我们调查了这些ASD性别差异在整个童年和青春期的存在和稳定性。参与者（N = 325, 52名女性，年龄3-18岁）在一家评估高功能ASD的诊所连续接受ASD诊断（平均言语智商= 92.6）。智商没有性别差异。通过父母报告和直接观察，女性的重复性刻板行为（RSB）较少，男性的社交和沟通障碍水平相当。教师报告说，患有自闭症的男性比女性有更多的外化和社会问题。我们所描述的女性表型在我们样本的年龄范围内是稳定的。她们较轻的rsb和较不严重的学校困难可能导致对女性自闭症谱系障碍的认识不足。
Sex differences have been found amongst toddlers and young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated the presence and stability of these ASD sex differences throughout childhood and adolescence. Participants (N = 325, 52 females; aged 3-18 years) consecutively received an ASD diagnosis at a clinic for assessing high-functioning ASD (mean verbal IQ = 92.6). There were no IQ sex differences. By parent report and direct observation, females had less repetitive stereotyped behaviour (RSB), with male-equivalent levels of social and communication impairment. Teachers reported males with ASD as having greater externalising and social problems than females. The female phenotype we describe was stable across our sample's age range. Their milder RSBs and less severe difficulties at school may lead to under-recognition of ASD in females.