'Dual Use Research of Concern' and 'Select Agents'
'Dual Use Research of Concern' and 'Select Agents'
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“令人关注的双重用途研究”和“选择代理人”
DOI：
10.1163/22117954-12341373
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Scott-Baumann A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott-Baumann A
创建可疑社区是一项耗时的任务，需要坚持不懈。一旦实现，就很难撤销。在安全方面，激发对双重用途的恐惧是用来制造怀疑的许多成功方法之一。双重用途研究关注（DURC）的概念是科学知识可以由有价值的人创造，由恶意的人窃取，并用于对无辜者发动战争。在校园里，关于伊斯兰教的想法目前经常被视为伊斯兰教的缩影。通过这种方式，德里达的二元对立在伊斯兰教和其他人之间出现，伊斯兰教被贬低，而“其他人”则享有特权。这源于校园里的政治干预，并创造了一种规避风险的“他者”方法，让学生与伊斯兰教、穆斯林和西方世界互动。为了证明这种政治干预如何影响大学课程和校园生活，术语的使用将在这里起到启发作用：DURC的“隐喻”显示了某些政府意识形态如何在校园中被用来“武器化”关于伊斯兰教的思想，好像它们是恶意的。利用哲学、实证研究和政策分析的互补和相互促进的结合，提出了三个积极的解决办法，表明学术界了解国家政策的重要性：第一，为了使人们认识到迫切需要提供英国反恐方案“预防”和慈善委员会与学生社团的工作的替代办法;第二，支持学科协会的工作;第三，就言论自由进行有益的辩论。
Creating a suspect community is a time-consuming task and requires persistence. Once achieved, it is difficult to undo. In security terms, inspiring fear of dual use is one of many successful methods used to create suspicion. The concept of dual use research of concern (DURC) is the idea that scientific knowledge can be created by the worthy, stolen by the malevolent and used to make war on the innocent. On campus, ideas about Islam are currently often viewed as if Islam epitomisesDURC. By this means, a Derridean binary opposition springs up between Islam and the rest, whereby that-which-is-Islam is demeaned and the ‘rest’ is privileged. This emanates from political intervention on campus and creates a risk-averse ‘othering’ approach to students’ interaction with Islam and Muslims and the Western world. In order to demonstrate how this political intervention influences the university curriculum and university life on campus, the termdual usewill function here as a heuristic: the ‘metaphor’ ofDURCshows how certain government ideologies are being used on campus to ‘weaponise’ ideas about Islam as if they are malevolent. Using a complementary and mutually enhancing combination of philosophy, empirical research and policy analysis, three positive solutions are proposed that show how important it is that academics be aware of national policy: first, in order to make people cognisant of the urgent need to offer alternatives to the British counter terrorism programme ‘Prevent’ and the work of the Charity Commission with student societies; second, to support the work of academic subject associations; and third, to create a useful debate about free speech.