Patterns of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence criteria among adolescents and adults: Results from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse
Patterns of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence criteria among adolescents and adults: Results from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000164381.67723.76
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harford, TC;Grant, BF;Chen, CM
背景：关于青少年和成人一般人群样本中DSM-IV酒精使用障碍（AUDs）患病率的研究很少。青少年调查中酗酒和酒精依赖流行率与成人一般人口调查中流行率的比较因调查设计和衡量方法的差异而混淆，从而降低了其有效性。本研究的目的是探讨年龄、性别、种族/民族和饮酒状况对DSM-IV酒精滥用和依赖患病率的影响（包括诊断性孤儿）和相关的诊断标准在美国人口的一个单一的代表性样本中的青少年和12-65岁的成年人。这项研究是基于2001年全国家庭调查药物滥用公共使用文件的数据。在调查的55，561名受试者中，33，576名（60.5%）报告在过去一年中使用过酒精，并提供了DSM-IV AUD标准的信息。DSM-IV AUD标准进行了评估的问题发生在过去12 months.Results的特定症状：总体而言，最流行的DSM-IV酒精依赖的标准是“耐受性”和“时间花费获得酒精，饮酒，或获得超过其影响。"DSM-IV酒精滥用最普遍的标准是“危险使用”。“18-23岁的受访者中，单纯酗酒和有无滥用的依赖流行率最高，其次是12-17岁的受访者，50岁及以上的受访者最低。在当前饮酒者和重度饮酒者的亚组中，青少年和年轻人之间的差异不太明显，尤其是在女性中。对于每个年龄组，仅酒精滥用的流行率高于依赖的流行率（有或没有滥用）。滥用依赖的比例也普遍一致，各年龄组和男性（2.1：1.0）略高于女性（1.6：1.0）。结论：在本研究中测量的青少年和年轻人的一些依赖标准的较高患病率可能会模糊与饮酒模式的规范发展和DSM-IV酒精依赖的临床相关方面的症状报告之间的区别。
Background: Studies of the prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in general population samples of adolescents and adults are rare. Comparisons of the prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence in adolescent surveys with the prevalence in adult general population surveys are confounded by differences in survey design and measurement, thereby reducing their validity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and drinking status on the prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence (including diagnostic orphans) and associated diagnostic criteria among adolescents and adults aged 12-65 years in a single representative sample of the US population.Methods: This study was based on data from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse public use file. Of the 55,561 subjects in the survey, 33,576 (60.5%) reported alcohol use in the past year and provided information on DSM-IV AUD criteria. DSM-IV AUD criteria were assessed by questions related to specific symptoms occurring during the past 12 months.Results: Overall, the most prevalent criteria of DSM-IV alcohol dependence were '' tolerance '' and '' time spent obtaining alcohol, drinking, or getting over its effects.'' The most prevalent criterion of DSM-IV alcohol abuse was '' hazardous use.'' The prevalence of alcohol abuse only and of dependence with and without abuse was highest among respondents aged 18-23 years, followed by respondents aged 12-17 years, and lowest among respondents aged 50 years and older. Among subgroups of current and heavier drinkers, differences between adolescents and young adults were less pronounced, especially among females. For each age group, the prevalence of alcohol abuse only was greater than the prevalence of dependence (with or without abuse). The abuse-to-dependence ratios also were generally consistent across age groups and slightly higher among males (2.1:1.0) than females (1.6:1.0).Conclusions: The higher prevalence for some dependence criteria among adolescents and young adults as measured in the present study may blur the distinction between symptom reports associated with the normative development of drinking patterns and clinically relevant aspects of DSM-IV alcohol dependence.