A Neurocomputational Model of the N400 and the P600 in Language Processing.
A Neurocomputational Model of the N400 and the P600 in Language Processing.
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DOI：
10.1111/cogs.12461
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hoeks JCJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brouwer H;Crocker MW;Venhuizen NJ;Hoeks JCJ
十年前，使用事件相关脑电位（ERPs）研究语言理解的研究人员被一种看似语义错觉的现象所迷惑：语义异常，但结构良好的句子并不影响N400成分（传统上被认为是反映语义整合的成分），而是产生P600效应，这通常与句法处理有关。这一发现引发了相当多的争论，并提出了一些复杂的处理模型作为解释。这些模型的共同之处在于，它们假设了两个或多个独立的处理流，以使语义错觉和其他语义诱导的P600效应与N400和P600的传统解释相协调。然而，最近这些多流模型受到了质疑，并提出了一个更简单的单流模型。根据这一备选模型，N400分量反映了从语义记忆中检索到的词义，P600分量反映了将这一意义整合到展开的话语解释中的指标。在本文中，我们通过将其实例化为神经计算模型来支持这种“检索-集成（RI）”帐户。该神经计算模型是第一个成功模拟N400和P600在语言理解中的振幅的模型，该模型的模拟为N400和P600调制的语义诱导模式的单流RI解释的概念提供了证明。
Ten years ago, researchers using event‐related brain potentials (ERPs) to study language comprehension were puzzled by what looked like a Semantic Illusion: Semantically anomalous, but structurally well‐formed sentences did not affect the N400 component—traditionally taken to reflect semantic integration—but instead produced a P600 effect, which is generally linked to syntactic processing. This finding led to a considerable amount of debate, and a number of complex processing models have been proposed as an explanation. What these models have in common is that they postulate two or more separate processing streams, in order to reconcile the Semantic Illusion and other semantically induced P600 effects with the traditional interpretations of the N400 and the P600. Recently, however, these multi‐stream models have been called into question, and a simpler single‐stream model has been proposed. According to this alternative model, the N400 component reflects the retrieval of word meaning from semantic memory, and the P600 component indexes the integration of this meaning into the unfolding utterance interpretation. In the present paper, we provide support for this “Retrieval–Integration (RI)” account by instantiating it as a neurocomputational model. This neurocomputational model is the first to successfully simulate the N400 and P600 amplitude in language comprehension, and simulations with this model provide a proof of concept of the single‐stream RI account of semantically induced patterns of N400 and P600 modulations.