Interannual variations in PM2.5 due to wildfires in the Western United States
Interannual variations in PM2.5 due to wildfires in the Western United States
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DOI：
10.1021/es702755v
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发表时间：
2008-04-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Spracklen, Dominick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaffe, Dan;Hafner, William;Spracklen, Dominick
在这项研究中，我们已经评估了野火的作用，浓度的细颗粒（d < 2.5 μ m）有机碳（OC）和颗粒质量（PM2.5）在美国西部的1988年至2004年期间。要做到这一点，我们研究了平均夏季PM2.5和OC浓度之间的关系，在39个改进网站与火灾数据库开发的联邦火灾报告。网格化的燃烧面积数据库用于生成使用生态系统特定燃料负荷燃烧的生物质燃料数据库。OC，PM2.5和火灾数据进行了评估，为五个地区：北方落基山脉（区域1），中央落基山脉（区域2），西南（区域3），加州（区域4），和太平洋西北（区域5）。在区域1，2和5，我们发现每个区域内的站点之间的季节平均PM2.5浓度的良好的相关性。这表明，在确定每个区域所有地点的PM浓度时，共同的影响很重要。在区域1和2中，我们发现PM2.5与每个区域的燃烧面积和生物质燃料燃烧之间存在显着相关性。无论是使用燃烧面积还是使用燃烧燃料，这种关系在统计上都是显著的，但是使用燃烧的生物质燃料，这种相关性更强。在所有五个地区，我们发现生物量燃烧和有机碳之间的统计显着关系。利用这些关系，我们可以估计夏季每个地区因火灾产生的PM2.5的数量。对于区域I至5，由于火灾导致的PM2.5的平均夏季增强分别为1.84，1.09，0.61，0.81和1.21 μ g/m（3），在大火年大约是这些值的两倍。
In this study we have evaluated the role of wildfires on concentrations of fine particle (d < 2.5 mu m) organic carbon (OC) and particulate mass (PM2.5) in the Western United States for the period 1988-2004. To do this, we examined the relationship between mean summer PM2.5 and OC concentrations at 39 IMPROVE sites with a database of fires developed from federal fire reports. The gridded database of area burned was used to generate a database of biomass fuel burned using ecosystem-specific fuel loads. The OC, PM2.5, and fire data were evaluated for five regions: Northern Rocky Mountains (Region 1), Central Rocky Mountains (Region 2), Southwest (Region 3), California (Region 4), and Pacific Northwest (Region 5). In Regions 1, 2, and 5, we found good correlations of seasonal mean PM2.5 concentrations among the sites within each region. This indicates that a common influence was important in determining the PM concentration at all sites across each region. In Regions 1 and 2, we found a significant correlation between PM2.5 and both the area burned and biomass fuel burned in each region. This relationship is statistically significant using either the area burned or fuel burned, but the correlations are stronger using the biomass fuel burned. In all five regions we found a statistically significant relationship between biomass burned and organic carbon. Using these relationships, we can estimate the amount of PM2.5 due to fires in each region during summer. For the Regions I through 5, the average summer-long enhancement of PM2.5 due to fires is 1.84, 1.09, 0.61, 0.81, and 1.21 mu g/m(3), respectively, and approximately twice these values during large fire years.