Technical perspective: Progress in spatial computing for flood prediction
Technical perspective: Progress in spatial computing for flood prediction
复制标题
技术视角：洪水预测空间计算的进展
DOI：
10.1145/3410410
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
22.7
通讯作者：
Shekhar, Shashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shekhar, Shashi
想象一下，你正在考虑购买一处可以看到山脉或海洋的长期房产。为了尽职调查，你的合伙人询问了该地区的洪水风险。联邦应急管理局的地图显示，这个地方不在百年一遇的洪水区（每年1%的几率）。然而，你已经听说气候变化使极端事件变得更加极端，一些地方在几年内发生了多次百年一遇的洪水。接下来，浏览有关气候变化及其影响的信息。它们提供了在不同政策情景下预测的气候变化和降水（例如，降雨、降雪），但不提供预测的洪水风险图。您将如何评估候选地区的长期洪水风险？这是空间计算的一个重要的社会用例，也是一个具有挑战性的问题。洪水预报和风险评估早在埃及文明时期就开始了。尼罗河季风带来的洪水滋养了附近肥沃的土地，但也抹去了以泥土为基础的农场边界，推动了土地测量的发明，后来被形式化为横跨地中海的几何学和三角学。
Imagine you are considering buying a long-term place with a view of mountains or ocean. For due diligence, your partner asks about flood risk in the area. FEMA maps show the place is outside the 100-year flood zones (1% annual chance). However, you have heard that climate change is making extreme events more extreme and some places have seen multiple 100-year floods within a few years. Next, you browse information about climate change and its impact. These provide the projected climate change and precipitation (for example, rainfall, snowfall) under different policy scenarios, but not projected flood risk maps. How will you assess long-term flood risks for candidate places? This is an important societal use-case of and a challenging problem in spatial computing. 3, 4Flood forecast and risk assessment started as early as Egyptian civilization. The Nile monsoon floods nourished nearby fertile lands but also erased mud-based farm boundaries motivating the invention of land surveying, which was later formalized as geometry and trigonometry across the Mediterranean sea.