Inventory of fatty acid desaturases in the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Inventory of fatty acid desaturases in the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
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DOI:
10.3390/md13031317
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发表时间:
2015-03-16
期刊:
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Maréchal E
Maréchal E
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dolch LJ;Maréchal E

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硅藻褐指藻富含超长链多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)。脂肪酸(FA)的合成、延伸和去饱和已经在包括拟南芥在内的植物中进行了深入的研究,但对于次生内共生体的全面研究尚不清楚。FAs在叶绿体内被合成到18个碳的链长,在那里它们可以被合并到甘油脂中。它们也被输出到内质网用于磷酸和甜菜碱脂质合成。脂肪酸延伸至22个碳发生在内质网。PUFAs可以重新输入到质体中,作为甘油脂的前体。在这两种细胞器中,FA去饱和酶存在,在碳原子之间引入双键并产生各种分子种类。除了在褐指藻中发现的4种去饱和酶(FAD2、FAD6、PtD5、PtD6)外,我们还鉴定出8种可能的去饱和酶基因。结合亚细胞定位预测和与拟南芥等其他生物的去饱和酶的比较,我们提出了一个全细胞水平的方案,包括可能特定于次生内共生体的特征。
The diatom Phaeodactylum is rich in very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Fatty acid (FA) synthesis, elongation, and desaturation have been studied in depth in plants including Arabidopsis, but for secondary endosymbionts the full picture remains unclear. FAs are synthesized up to a chain length of 18 carbons inside chloroplasts, where they can be incorporated into glycerolipids. They are also exported to the ER for phospho- and betaine lipid syntheses. Elongation of FAs up to 22 carbons occurs in the ER. PUFAs can be reimported into plastids to serve as precursors for glycerolipids. In both organelles, FA desaturases are present, introducing double bonds between carbon atoms and giving rise to a variety of molecular species. In addition to the four desaturases characterized in Phaeodactylum (FAD2, FAD6, PtD5, PtD6), we identified eight putative desaturase genes. Combining subcellular localization predictions and comparisons with desaturases from other organisms like Arabidopsis, we propose a scheme at the whole cell level, including features that are likely specific to secondary endosymbionts.
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