Utah State University From the SelectedWorks of
Utah State University From the SelectedWorks of
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
D. R. Cutler;Thomas C. Edwards;Karen H. Beard;Adele Cutler;Kyle T. Hess;J. Gibson;Joshua J. Lawler-Joshua-J.
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作者：
D. R. Cutler;Thomas C. Edwards;Karen H. Beard;Adele Cutler;Kyle T. Hess;J. Gibson;Joshua J. Lawler-Joshua-J.
分类程序是生态学中最广泛使用的统计方法之一。随机森林（RF）是一种新的，强大的统计分类器，在其他学科中已经建立，但在生态学中相对未知。与其他统计分类器相比，RF的优势包括：（1）非常高的分类准确性;（2）确定变量重要性的新方法;（3）对预测变量之间的复杂相互作用进行建模的能力;（4）执行几种类型的统计数据分析的灵活性，包括回归，分类，生存分析和无监督学习;以及（5）用于填补缺失值的算法。我们使用美国加州熔岩床国家纪念碑中存在的入侵植物物种、美国太平洋西北部存在的稀有地衣物种以及尤因塔山脉的洞穴筑巢鸟类的巢穴数据，比较了RF和其他四种常用统计分类器的准确性。，美国犹他州。我们观察到高的分类精度，在所有的应用程序中测量的交叉验证，并在地衣数据的情况下，由独立的测试数据，比较RF与其他常见的分类方法。我们还观察到，RF确定为对入侵植物物种进行分类最重要的变量与基于文献的预期相吻合。
Classification procedures are some of the most widely used statistical methods in ecology. Random forests (RF) is a new and powerful statistical classifier that is well established in other disciplines but is relatively unknown in ecology. Advantages of RF compared to other statistical classifiers include (1) very high classification accuracy; (2) a novel method of determining variable importance; (3) ability to model complex interactions among predictor variables; (4) flexibility to perform several types of statistical data analysis, including regression, classification, survival analysis, and unsupervised learning; and (5) an algorithm for imputing missing values. We compared the accuracies of RF and four other commonly used statistical classifiers using data on invasive plant species presence in Lava Beds National Monument, California, USA, rare lichen species presence in the Pacific Northwest, USA, and nest sites for cavity nesting birds in the Uinta Mountains, Utah, USA. We observed high classification accuracy in all applications as measured by cross-validation and, in the case of the lichen data, by independent test data, when comparing RF to other common classification methods. We also observed that the variables that RF identified as most important for classifying invasive plant species coincided with expectations based on the literature.