Big data in medicine is driving big changes.
Big data in medicine is driving big changes.
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DOI：
10.15265/iy-2014-0020
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发表时间：
2014-08-15
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Verspoor, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Martin-Sanchez, F;Verspoor, K
目的：总结当前在健康和生物医学信息学应用中利用大数据的研究。方法：对这项工作的趋势进行调查，并对文献进行探索，描述如何使用大规模的结构化和非结构化数据源来支持从临床决策和卫生政策到药物设计和药物警戒，以及进一步到系统生物学和遗传学的应用。结果：这项调查突出了正在开发的强大的新方法，可以在一系列不同的领域将这种大规模的、通常是复杂的数据转化为信息，提供对人类健康的新见解。对这项工作的思考确定了大数据资源和方法促进的几个重要的范式转变：在临床和转化性研究中，从假设驱动的研究到数据驱动的研究，以及在医学方面，从基于证据的实践到基于实践的证据。结论：大量健康数据的日益扩大和可用性需要超越许多现有信息系统的限制的数据管理、数据链接和数据集成战略，目前正在做出大量努力来满足这些需求。随着我们理解这些数据的能力的提高，这些数据的价值将继续增加。卫生系统、遗传学和基因组学、人口和公共卫生；生物医学的所有领域都将受益于大数据及其相关技术。
OBJECTIVES: To summarise current research that takes advantage of "Big Data" in health and biomedical informatics applications.METHODS: Survey of trends in this work, and exploration of literature describing how large-scale structured and unstructured data sources are being used to support applications from clinical decision making and health policy, to drug design and pharmacovigilance, and further to systems biology and genetics.RESULTS: The survey highlights ongoing development of powerful new methods for turning that large-scale, and often complex, data into information that provides new insights into human health, in a range of different areas. Consideration of this body of work identifies several important paradigm shifts that are facilitated by Big Data resources and methods: in clinical and translational research, from hypothesis-driven research to data-driven research, and in medicine, from evidence-based practice to practice-based evidence.CONCLUSIONS: The increasing scale and availability of large quantities of health data require strategies for data management, data linkage, and data integration beyond the limits of many existing information systems, and substantial effort is underway to meet those needs. As our ability to make sense of that data improves, the value of the data will continue to increase. Health systems, genetics and genomics, population and public health; all areas of biomedicine stand to benefit from Big Data and the associated technologies.