Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology
Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology
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DOI：
10.2307/2393988
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发表时间：
1996-03-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
SmithDoerr, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Powell, WW;Koput, KW;SmithDoerr, L
我们认为，在本文中，当一个行业的知识基础是复杂的和不断扩大的专业知识的来源是广泛分散的，创新的轨迹将在网络中的学习，而不是在个别企业。生物技术工业对组织间合作的大规模依赖反映了对获取知识的根本和普遍关注。我们开发了一个网络的方法来组织学习，并得出企业层面的，纵向的假设，链接研究和开发联盟，管理企业间关系的经验，网络位置，增长率，和合作活动的投资组合。我们在1990-1994年专门的生物技术公司的样本测试这些假设。从汇总，企业内，时间序列分析的结果支持学习的观点，并为未来的理论和实证研究组织网络和战略联盟具有广泛的影响。
We argue in this paper that when the knowledge base of an industry is both complex and expanding and the sources of expertise are widely dispersed, the locus of innovation will be found in networks of learning, rather than in individual firms. The large-scale reliance on interorganizational collaborations in the biotechnology industry reflects a fundamental and pervasive concern with access to knowledge. We develop a network approach to organizational learning and derive firm-level, longitudinal hypotheses that link research and development alliances, experience with managing interfirm relationships, network position, rates of growth, and portfolios of collaborative activities. We test these hypotheses on a sample of dedicated biotechnology firms in the years 1990-1994. Results from pooled, within-firm, time series analyses support a learning view and have broad implications for future theoretical and empirical research on organizational networks and strategic alliances..