Improved Refractories for IGCC Power Systems
Improved Refractories for IGCC Power Systems
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发表时间：
2002
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通讯作者：
C. P. Dogan;K. Kwong;J. Bennett;R. Chinn;C. L. Dahlin
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作者：
C. P. Dogan;K. Kwong;J. Bennett;R. Chinn;C. L. Dahlin
煤、石油残渣和生物质的气化提供了比更传统的基于燃烧的工艺更有效地生产能源的机会，并且对环境的影响显著减少。此外，作为气化过程的产物的合成气为气化器操作者提供了"多联产"的选择，即，生产替代产品而不是电力，如果这样做在经济上有利的话。由于这些优点，气化是一个关键因素，在美国能源部？Vision 21动力系统然而，气化炉操作的可靠性和经济性问题必须在气化被电力工业广泛采用之前得到解决。提高可靠性和经济性的核心是开发在气化炉系统中具有更长使用寿命的材料，其可以提供延长的气化炉连续操作时间。奥尔巴尼研究中心的先进气化耐火材料项目的重点是开发能够承受气化反应产生的恶劣高温环境的改进材料，包括用于隔离结渣气化炉的耐火衬里，以及用于监测气化炉操作温度的热电偶组件。当前一代的炉渣气化炉中的耐火衬里通常每10到18个月更换一次，成本高达200万美元。混合材料和安装成本是气化炉离线进行耐火材料更换的三到四周的机会损失成本。当前的热电偶装置很少能在气化器启动过程中存活下来，使得操作者在气化器操作期间没有真实的温度测量手段。因此，该项目的目标包括开发使用寿命至少是当前耐火材料两倍的耐火衬里，以及设计热电偶保护系统，以便长时间精确监测温度。«少
The gasification of coal, petroleum residuals, and biomass provides the opportunity to produce energy more efficiently, and with significantly less environmental impact, than more-conventional combustion-based processes. In addition, the synthesis gas that is the product of the gasification process offers the gasifier operator the option of ''polygeneration'', i.e., the production of alternative products instead of power should it be economically favorable to do so. Because of these advantages, gasification is a key element in the U.S. Department of Energy?s Vision 21 power system. However, issues with both the reliability and the economics of gasifier operation will have to be resolved before gasification will be widely adopted by the power industry. Central to both increased reliability and economics is the development of materials with longer service lives in gasifier systems that can provide extended periods of continuous gasifier operation. The focus of the Advanced Refractories for Gasification project at the Albany Research Center is to develop improved materials capable of withstanding the harsh, high-temperature environment created by the gasification reaction, and includes both the refractory lining that insulates the slagging gasifier, as well as the thermocouple assemblies that are utilized to monitor gasifier operating temperatures. Current generation refractory liners in slaggingmore » gasifiers are typically replaced every 10 to 18 months, at costs ranging up to $2,000,000. Compounding materials and installation costs are the lost-opportunity costs for the three to four weeks that the gasifier is off-line for the refractory exchange. Current generation thermocouple devices rarely survive the gasifier start-up process, leaving the operator with no real means of temperature measurement during gasifier operation. As a result, the goals of this project include the development of a refractory liner with a service life at least double that of current generation refractory materials, and the design of a thermocouple protection system that will allow accurate temperature monitoring for extended periods of time.« less