Three laws of behavior genetics and what they mean
Three laws of behavior genetics and what they mean
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8721.00084
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Turkheimer, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turkheimer, E
行为遗传学已经证明，遗传变异是所有行为结果变异的重要组成部分，但家庭间的变异不是。这些结果导致一些行为遗传学的批评者得出结论，遗传性是如此普遍，以至于对发展的科学理解几乎没有影响，而一些行为遗传学的支持者则得出结论，家庭环境不是发展结果的重要原因。这两种观点都不正确。事实上，基因型比环境更系统地影响变异性，但其原因是方法上的，而不是实质性的。发展从根本上说是非线性的、相互作用的，并且很难通过实验来控制。双胞胎研究提供了一个有用的方法论捷径，但并没有表明基因比环境更重要。
Behavior genetics has demonstrated that genetic variance is an important component of variation for all behavioral outcomes, but variation among families is not. These results have led some critics of behavior genetics to conclude that heritability is so ubiquitous as to have few consequences for scientific understanding of development, while some behavior genetic partisans have concluded that family environment is not an important cause of developmental outcomes. Both views are incorrect. Genotype is in fact a ore systematic source of variability than environment, but for reasons that are methodological rather than substantive. Development is fundamentally nonlinear, interactive,and difficult to control experimentally. Twin studies offer a useful methodological shortcut, but do not show that genes are more fundamental than environments.