Proteomic identification of organic additives in the mortars of ancient Chinese wooden buildings
Proteomic identification of organic additives in the mortars of ancient Chinese wooden buildings
复制标题
DOI：
10.1039/c4ay01766h
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
H. Rao;Bo Li;Yimin Yang;Qinglin Ma;Changsui Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Rao;Bo Li;Yimin Yang;Qinglin Ma;Changsui Wang
砂浆是在油漆和绘图之前铺在木材、泥土或石头表面的层。分析它们的材料组成和制作工艺，对于揭示旧工艺方法，选择合适的修复保护工艺，指导中国画和彩画传统工艺的发展是十分必要的。据古代文献记载，中国木结构建筑的砂浆中曾使用过农作物的面粉和血液作为粘合剂。然而，很少有工作发表的科学鉴定，并报告的方法不能确定其确切的起源，这是重要的了解古代砂浆技术。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、液相色谱串联质谱（LC/MS/MS）和淀粉粒分析法，对圆明园（18 - 19世纪初）、清皇家东陵（17 - 20世纪中叶）和太原夫子庙（19-世纪末）的三个灰浆样品进行了分析。红外光谱分析表明砂浆中含有蛋白质，然后通过LC/MS/MS分析，分别鉴定出3种砂浆中含有小麦粉、牛血和猪血3种有机添加剂。淀粉粒分析也证实了蛋白质组学结果。因此，蛋白质组学分析是非常有效的鉴定古代绘画砂浆中的有机添加剂的性质和来源。
Mortars are the layers paved on the surface of timber, earth or stone before painting and drawing. The analysis of their material composition and manufacture technology is necessary for revealing old technological approaches, selecting a suitable technological process in restoration and protection, and guiding the development of traditional technology of Chinese painting and colored drawings. According to ancient literature, crop flour and blood have been used as binders in the mortars of Chinese wooden buildings. However, little work is published on their scientific identification, and the reported methods could not determine their precise origins, which is important to understanding ancient mortar technology. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and starch grain analysis were employed to analyze the three mortars taken from the Old Summer Palace (18th and early 19th centuries), the Eastern Royal Tombs of the Qing Dynasty (middle 17th to early 20th centuries) and the Taiyuan Confucius Temple (late 19th century), respectively. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of proteins, and then different organic additives, namely, wheaten flour, cattle blood and pig blood, were identified respectively in the three mortars by LC/MS/MS analysis. Starch grain analysis also confirmed the proteomic results. Thus, proteomic analysis is highly effective for identifying the nature and origin of organic additives in the mortars of ancient painting.