Longitudinal Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression after Exposure to Traumatic Death
Longitudinal Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression after Exposure to Traumatic Death
复制标题
创伤后应激障碍和创伤性死亡后抑郁症的纵向评估
DOI：
10.1097/00005053-199501000-00007
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vivek R. Bhartiya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Ursano;C. Fullerton;T. Kao;Vivek R. Bhartiya
人们对创伤性死亡的具体影响知之甚少，而创伤性死亡是许多灾难的一个重要方面。本研究调查了爱荷华州号航空母舰炮塔爆炸后，灾难工作者暴露于创伤性死亡的急性和长期侵入性和回避性症状、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。54名志愿者的身体处理人员进行了评估。1、4、13个月。他们与11名非身体处理者灾难工作者志愿者进行了比较。采用事件影响量表、Zung抑郁量表、90版症状检查表和PTSD多方法评定。侵入性和回避性症状在1、4和13个月时升高，并随着时间的推移而降低。可能的PTSD在1个月时为11%，4个月时为10%，13个月时为2%。抑郁症的频率没有增加。单身体处理灾难工人报告更多的回避（时间1和2）和躯体化（时间1）比已婚工人。身体处理报告更多的入侵，回避，敌意，和躯体化在1个月比非身体处理志愿者。这些结果表明，暴露于创伤性死亡会增加侵入性和回避性症状，敌意，躯体化和PTSD的风险，并且症状可以持续数月。
Little is known of the specific effects of exposure to traumatic death, an important dimension of many disasters. This study examined acute and long-term intrusive and avoidant symptoms, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in disaster workers exposed to traumatic death after the USS Iowa gun turret explosion. Fifty-four volunteer body handlers were assessed at. 1, 4, and 13 months. They were compared with 11 non-body handler disaster worker volunteers. The Impact of Events Scale, Zung Depression Scale, Symptom Cheeklist-90-Revised, and a multi-method assessment of PTSD were used. Intrusive and avoidant symptoms were elevated at 1, 4, and 13 months, and decreased over time. Probable PTSD was present in 11% at 1 month, 10% at 4 months, and 2% at 13 months. The frequency of depression was not increased. Single body handler disaster workers reported more avoidance (times 1 and 2) and somatization (time 1) than did married workers. Body handlers reported more intrusion, avoidance, hostility, and somatization at 1 month than did non-body handler volunteers. These results indicate that exposure to traumatic death increases intrusive and avoidant symptoms, hostility, somatization, and the risk of PTSD and that symptoms can persist for months.