Acid or base? How do plants regulate the ecology of their phylloplane?
Acid or base? How do plants regulate the ecology of their phylloplane?
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DOI：
10.1093/aobpla/plab032
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Renner T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbert KJ;Renner T
植物通过其表面与外部环境相互作用并改变外部环境，这样做可以控制或减轻非生物胁迫的影响，并介导它们与其他生物的相互作用。在植物学上，已知植物根具有多方面的能力来改变根际条件，如pH，这是对植物与微生物的生物相互作用有很大影响的因素。但是植物也可以改变叶子表面的pH值。植物可以在数小时内中和酸雨输入，并在几分钟内酸化或碱化中性水滴的pH值。叶面的pH值-也就是叶子的最外表面-在物种之间变化，从令人难以置信的酸性（食肉植物：pH值低至1）到异常碱性（植物科锦葵科的物种，pH值高达11）。然而，大多数物种轻度酸化液滴叶面上的pH值为1.5个数量级。正如根际pH值有助于塑造植物微生物组，并已知影响地下相互作用，叶面pH值也可以影响植物冠层的地上相互作用。本文从生理学、分子生物学、进化和生态学等角度对叶平面pH调控进行了综述，并提出了今后的研究方向。植物以多种方式改变外部环境条件。众所周知，根会改变周围土壤的pH值。然而，很少有人意识到植物也会改变其叶片表面的pH值。我们的评论探讨了这个鲜为人知的话题;我们讨论了不同植物的叶表面pH值的变化，植物可以修改叶表面pH值的生理方式以及这种特性对生态相互作用的重要性，包括与微生物和昆虫的相互作用。这一主题提出了许多有待未来工作解决的问题，这些问题与农业和野生生态系统有关。
Plants interface with and modify the external environment across their surfaces, and in so doing, can control or mitigate the impacts of abiotic stresses and also mediate their interactions with other organisms. Botanically, it is known that plant roots have a multi-faceted ability to modify rhizosphere conditions like pH, a factor with a large effect on a plant’s biotic interactions with microbes. But plants can also modify pH levels on the surfaces of their leaves. Plants can neutralize acid rain inputs in a period of hours, and either acidify or alkalinize the pH of neutral water droplets in minutes. The pH of the phylloplane—that is, the outermost surface of the leaf—varies across species, from incredibly acidic (carnivorous plants: as low as pH 1) to exceptionally alkaline (species in the plant family, Malvaceae, up to pH 11). However, most species mildly acidify droplets on the phylloplane by 1.5 orders of magnitude in pH. Just as rhizosphere pH helps shape the plant microbiome and is known to influence belowground interactions, so too can phylloplane pH influence aboveground interactions in plant canopies. In this review, we discuss phylloplane pH regulation from the physiological, molecular, evolutionary, and ecological perspectives and address knowledge gaps and identify future research directions. Plants alter external environmental conditions in many ways. Well-known is the fact that roots alter the pH of the surrounding soil. However, less appreciated is the fact that plants also alter pH levels on their leaf surfaces. Our review explores this little-known topic; we discuss variation in leaf surface pH across a diversity of plants, the physiological ways by which plants can modify leaf surface pH and the importance of this trait to ecological interactions, including those with microbes and insects. This topic presents many unanswered questions awaiting future work, with relevance to agriculture as well as wild ecosystems.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Faraco, Marianna;Spelt, Cornelis;Quattrocchio, Francesca M.
通讯作者：
Quattrocchio, Francesca M.
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
EDWARDS, MC;SMITH, GN;BOWLING, DJF
通讯作者：
BOWLING, DJF
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Everhart, Sydney E.;Keller, Harold W.;Ely, Joseph S.
通讯作者：
Ely, Joseph S.
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Fernández V;Brown PH
通讯作者：
Brown PH
DOI：
10.1139/b88-332
发表时间：
1988-12-01
期刊：
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE BOTANIQUE
影响因子：
--
作者：
GABER, BA;HUTCHINSON, TC
通讯作者：
HUTCHINSON, TC