The effects of adrenalectomy and fasting on intestinal function in the rat
The effects of adrenalectomy and fasting on intestinal function in the rat
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肾上腺切除和禁食对大鼠肠道功能的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1965
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Smyth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BY R. J. Levin;H. Newey;D. Smyth
对肾上腺切除大鼠的早期研究表明，肾上腺皮质在碳水化合物的吸收中发挥了特殊的作用(见Verzar&McDouga，1936)。后来的工作人员(Deuel，Hallman，Murray&Samuels，1937；Althosen，Anderson&斯德哥尔摩，1939；Clark&MacKay，1942)发现，摄入氯化钠使葡萄糖吸收恢复到正常，并表明肾上腺切除术中发现的吸收抑制是电解质平衡紊乱的次要原因。然而，有一些文献报道，生理盐水治疗不能恢复氯化钠(Stein&Werthemer，1941)或葡萄糖(Verzar&Sailer，1952)的正常吸收。上述研究是在整个动物身上进行的，所得到的结果不仅取决于肠上皮细胞的活性，还取决于血流、胃排空等因素。因此，利用最新的体外和体内技术重新评估了肾上腺切除对小肠吸收和代谢功能的影响。在这些研究中，肾上腺切除明显影响了肠道的消化能力，也对肠道酶活性进行了研究。Levin，Newey&Smyth(1962)对这部分工作进行了初步描述。
Early studies on adrenalectomized rats suggested that the adrenal cortex played a specific role in carbohydrate absorption (see Verzar & McDougal, 1936). Later workers (Deuel, Hallman, Murray & Samuels, 1937; Althausen, Anderson & Stockholm, 1939; Clark & MacKay, 1942) showed that feeding sodium chloride restored glucose absorption to normal and it was suggested that the depressed absorption found in adrenalectomy was secondary to a disturbed electrolyte balance. There are, however, a number of reports in the literature where saline treatment did not restore normal absorption of sodium chloride (Stein & Wertheimer, 1941) or of glucose (Verzar & Sailer, 1952). The above investigations were carried out in the whole animal, where the results obtained depended not only on the activity of the intestinal epithelial cells, but also on such factors as blood flow, gastric emptying, etc. A re-evaluation of the effect of adrenalectomy on the absorptive and metabolic functions of the small intestine was therefore undertaken using recent in vitro and in vivo techniques. During these investigations it became obvious that the digestive ability of the intestine was affected by adrenalectomy and studies were also made on intestinal enzyme activity. A preliminary account of this part of the work has been given by Levin, Newey & Smyth (1962).