Comparison of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Lake Michigan salmonids
Comparison of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Lake Michigan salmonids
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DOI：
10.1021/es001422b
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发表时间：
2001-03-15
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Sonzogni, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Manchester-Neesvig, JB;Valters, K;Sonzogni, WC
在过去的二十年中，多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）作为阻燃剂广泛应用于大多数类型的聚合物中。据报道，瑞典、荷兰、日本和其他地方对各种环境基质中的多溴二苯醚进行了许多测量，但对北美的测量很少。本研究测量了1996年从密歇根湖支流捕获的21条银鲑和支努克鲑鱼的多溴二苯醚。提取鲑鱼样本并初步分析多氯联苯（PCB）同源物。结果表明，在这些样品中，相同的萃取部分含有多溴二苯醚。所有21份样品中均检测到6种多溴二苯醚同系物，其浓度排序与商用多溴二苯醚混合物相似。所有样品中多溴二苯醚同系物总和的平均浓度为80.1纳克/克湿重或2440纳克/克脂质。这远远低于PCB的平均总浓度（湿重1450纳克/克；脂质43100纳克/克）。然而，最丰富的PBDE同系物（IUPAC BDE-49: 52.1 ng/g wet， 1590 ng/g脂质）的平均浓度约为最丰富的PCB同系物（IUPAC CB-153: 149 ng/g wet， 4550 ng/g脂质）的平均浓度的三分之一。根据广泛的文献调查，这里报告的多溴二苯醚浓度是世界上开放水域鲑鱼中最高的浓度之一。多溴二苯醚和多氯联苯的浓度都与鱼的长度和质量相关，但与脂肪含量无关。多溴二苯醚和多氯联苯的浓度在个别鱼类中高度相关，这意味着多溴二苯醚和多氯联苯在密歇根湖同样普遍。
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used extensively over the past two decades as flame retardants in most types of polymers. Many measurements of PBDEs in various environmental matrices from Sweden, Holland, Japan, and elsewhere have been reported, but few measurements are available for North America. PBDEs in 21 coho and chinook salmon taken from lake Michigan tributaries in 1996 were measured for this study. The salmon samples were extracted and initially analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners. It was demonstrated for these samples that the same extract fraction contains PBDEs. Six PBDE congeners were observed in all 21 samples, and the rank order of concentration of these congeners was similar to that in commercial mixtures of PBDEs. The average Concentration across all samples of the sum of PBDE congeners was 80.1 ng/g of wet weight or 2440 ng/g of lipid. This is much less than the average sum PCB concentration (1450 ng/g of wet weight; 43100 ng/g of lipid). However, the average :concentration of the most abundant PBDE congener (IUPAC BDE-49: 52.1 ng/g wet, 1590 ng/g of lipid) was about one-third of the average concentration of the most abundant PCB congener (IUPAC CB-153: 149 ng/g wet, 4550 ng/g of lipid). On the basis of an extensive literature survey, the concentrations of PBDEs reported here are among the highest in the world for salmon in open waters. The concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs are both correlated with fish length and mass, but not with lipid content. The concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs are highly correlated in individual fish, implying that PBDEs are as prevalent as PCBs in Lake Michigan.