Gibberellins Regulate Ovule Integument Development by Interfering with the Transcription Factor ATS
Gibberellins Regulate Ovule Integument Development by Interfering with the Transcription Factor ATS
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.16.01231
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Perez-Amador, Miguel A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dolores Gomez, Maria;Ventimilla, Daniel;Perez-Amador, Miguel A.
赤霉素（GAs）是调节大多数植物生命周期方面的植物激素，包括开花和果实发育。在这里，我们证明了气体在胚珠发育的影响。DELLA蛋白是GA反应的负调控因子，在胚珠珠被发育过程中起着积极的作用，其机制与转录因子ABERRANT TESTA SHAPE（ATS）有关。della global突变体（一种完全丧失功能的DELLA）和ats-1突变体的种子非常相似，都是圆形，种皮杂乱，胎生。这些缺陷是由于珠被改变，不能完全发育，比野生型植物短。ats-1还表现出一些GA相关的表型，例如较高的发芽率和较早的开花。事实上，ATS-1由于GA生物合成基因的激活而具有升高的GA水平，这表明ATS抑制GA生物合成。此外，DELLA和ATS蛋白相互作用，这表明形成了一个转录复合物，调节参与珠被生长的基因的表达。因此，ATS对GA生物合成的抑制将导致DELLA的稳定，以确保正确的ATS-DELLA复合物形成。这两种活动的要求，以协调适当的胚珠发展强烈认为，ATS-DELLA复合物作为一个关键的分子因子。这项工作提供了第一个证据，在胚珠和种子发育的GAs的作用。
Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that regulate most plant life cycle aspects, including flowering and fruit development. Here, we demonstrate the implication of GAs in ovule development. DELLA proteins, negative GA response regulators, act as positive factors for ovule integument development in a mechanism that involves transcription factor ABERRANT TESTA SHAPE (ATS). The seeds of the della global mutant, a complete loss-of-function of DELLA, and the ats-1 mutant are remarkably similar, with a round shape, a disorganized testa, and viviparism. These defects are the result of an alteration in integuments that fail to fully develop and are shorter than in wild-type plants. ats-1 also shows some GA-related phenotypes, for example, higher germination rates and early flowering. In fact, ats-1 has elevated GA levels due to the activation of GA biosynthesis genes, which indicates that ATS inhibits GA biosynthesis. Moreover, DELLAs and ATS proteins interact, which suggests the formation of a transcriptional complex that regulates the expression of genes involved in integument growth. Therefore, the repression of GA biosynthesis by ATS would result in the stabilization of DELLAs to ensure correct ATS-DELLA complex formation. The requirement of both activities to coordinate proper ovule development strongly argues that the ATS-DELLA complex acts as a key molecular factor. This work provides the first evidence for a role of GAs in ovule and seed development.