Bicep/Keck XV: The Bicep3 Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimeter and the First Three-year Data Set

Bicep/Keck XV: The Bicep3 Cosmic Microwave Background Polarimeter and the First Three-year Data Set
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/ac4886
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. C. P. Ade;Z. Ahmed;M. Amiri;D. Barkats;R. Thakur;D. Beck;C. Bischoff;J. Bock;H. Boenish;E. Bullock;V. Buza;IV J.R.Cheshire;J. Connors;J. Cornelison;M. Crumrine;A. Cukierman;E. Denison;M. Dierickx;L. Duband;M. Eiben;S. Fatigoni;J. Filippini;S. Fliescher;N. Goeckner-wald;D. Goldfinger;J. Grayson;P. Grimes;G. Halal;G. Hall;M. Halpern;E. Hand;S. Harrison;S. Henderson;S. Hildebrandt;G. Hilton;J. Hubmayr;H. Hui;K. Irwin;J. Kang;K. Karkare;E. Karpel;S. Kefeli;S. Kernasovskiy;J. Kovac;C. Kuo;K. Lau;E. Leitch;A. Lennox;K. Megerian;L. Minutolo;L. Moncelsi;Y. Nakato;T. Namikawa;H. Nguyen;R. O’Brient;IV R.W.Ogburn;S. Palladino;T. Prouvé;C. Pryke;B. Racine;C. Reintsema;S. Richter;A. Schillaci;B. Schmitt;R. Schwarz;C. Sheehy;A. Soliman;T. S. Germaine;B. Steinbach;R. Sudiwala;G. Teply;K. Thompson;J. Tolan;C. Tucker;A. Turner;C. Umilta;C. Vergés;A. Vieregg;A. Wandui;A. Weber;D. Wiebe;J. Willmert;C. L. Wong;W.L.K. Wu;H. Yang;K. Yoon;E. Young;C. Yu;L. Zeng;C. Zhang;S. University;Kipacslac;U. Columbia;HarvardCfA;Caltech;U. Cincinnati;S. University;Nasa Jpl;M. I. O. Astrophysics;U. Chicago;U. Minnesota;Nist;Sbt Grenoble;U. I. Urbana-Champaign;H. University;T. U. O. Tokyo;Aix-Marseille Université;Brookhaven National Laboratory
B. C. P. Ade;Z. Ahmed;M. Amiri;D. Barkats;R. Thakur;D. Beck;C. Bischoff;J. Bock;H. Boenish;E. Bullock;V. Buza;IV J.R.Cheshire;J. Connors;J. Cornelison;M. Crumrine;A. Cukierman;E. Denison;M. Dierickx;L. Duband;M. Eiben;S. Fatigoni;J. Filippini;S. Fliescher;N. Goeckner-wald;D. Goldfinger;J. Grayson;P. Grimes;G. Halal;G. Hall;M. Halpern;E. Hand;S. Harrison;S. Henderson;S. Hildebrandt;G. Hilton;J. Hubmayr;H. Hui;K. Irwin;J. Kang;K. Karkare;E. Karpel;S. Kefeli;S. Kernasovskiy;J. Kovac;C. Kuo;K. Lau;E. Leitch;A. Lennox;K. Megerian;L. Minutolo;L. Moncelsi;Y. Nakato;T. Namikawa;H. Nguyen;R. O’Brient;IV R.W.Ogburn;S. Palladino;T. Prouvé;C. Pryke;B. Racine;C. Reintsema;S. Richter;A. Schillaci;B. Schmitt;R. Schwarz;C. Sheehy;A. Soliman;T. S. Germaine;B. Steinbach;R. Sudiwala;G. Teply;K. Thompson;J. Tolan;C. Tucker;A. Turner;C. Umilta;C. Vergés;A. Vieregg;A. Wandui;A. Weber;D. Wiebe;J. Willmert;C. L. Wong;W.L.K. Wu;H. Yang;K. Yoon;E. Young;C. Yu;L. Zeng;C. Zhang;S. University;Kipacslac;U. Columbia;HarvardCfA;Caltech;U. Cincinnati;S. University;Nasa Jpl;M. I. O. Astrophysics;U. Chicago;U. Minnesota;Nist;Sbt Grenoble;U. I. Urbana-Champaign;H. University;T. U. O. Tokyo;Aix-Marseille Université;Brookhaven National Laboratory
中科院分区：
其他
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. C. P. Ade;Z. Ahmed;M. Amiri;D. Barkats;R. Thakur;D. Beck;C. Bischoff;J. Bock;H. Boenish;E. Bullock;V. Buza;IV J.R.Cheshire;J. Connors;J. Cornelison;M. Crumrine;A. Cukierman;E. Denison;M. Dierickx;L. Duband;M. Eiben;S. Fatigoni;J. Filippini;S. Fliescher;N. Goeckner-wald;D. Goldfinger;J. Grayson;P. Grimes;G. Halal;G. Hall;M. Halpern;E. Hand;S. Harrison;S. Henderson;S. Hildebrandt;G. Hilton;J. Hubmayr;H. Hui;K. Irwin;J. Kang;K. Karkare;E. Karpel;S. Kefeli;S. Kernasovskiy;J. Kovac;C. Kuo;K. Lau;E. Leitch;A. Lennox;K. Megerian;L. Minutolo;L. Moncelsi;Y. Nakato;T. Namikawa;H. Nguyen;R. O’Brient;IV R.W.Ogburn;S. Palladino;T. Prouvé;C. Pryke;B. Racine;C. Reintsema;S. Richter;A. Schillaci;B. Schmitt;R. Schwarz;C. Sheehy;A. Soliman;T. S. Germaine;B. Steinbach;R. Sudiwala;G. Teply;K. Thompson;J. Tolan;C. Tucker;A. Turner;C. Umilta;C. Vergés;A. Vieregg;A. Wandui;A. Weber;D. Wiebe;J. Willmert;C. L. Wong;W.L.K. Wu;H. Yang;K. Yoon;E. Young;C. Yu;L. Zeng;C. Zhang;S. University;Kipacslac;U. Columbia;HarvardCfA;Caltech;U. Cincinnati;S. University;Nasa Jpl;M. I. O. Astrophysics;U. Chicago;U. Minnesota;Nist;Sbt Grenoble;U. I. Urbana-Champaign;H. University;T. U. O. Tokyo;Aix-Marseille Université;Brookhaven National Laboratory

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我们报告了Bicep3仪器的设计和性能，以及它从2016年到2018年收集的第一个三年数据集。Bicep3是一种口径为52厘米的折射望远镜，用于观测宇宙微波背景（CMB）在95 GHz度角尺度上的偏振。它于2016年开始在南极进行科学观测，使用2400个天线耦合过渡边缘传感器测辐射热计。该接收器首先展示了新技术，如大直径氧化铝光学器件、Zotefoam红外滤光片和通量激活squid，与Keck设计相比，光学吞吐量提高了10倍。Bicep3在2016年、2017年和2018年分别实现了9.2、6.8和7.1 μKCMBs的仪器噪声等效温度，Stokes Q和U图深度分别达到5.9、4.4和4.4 μK arcmin。在585平方度的有效区域内，获得了2.8 μK arcmin的极化图深度，这是迄今为止在95 GHz波段制作的最深的微波背景极化图。
We report on the design and performance of the Bicep3 instrument and its first three-year data set collected from 2016 to 2018. Bicep3 is a 52 cm aperture refracting telescope designed to observe the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on degree angular scales at 95 GHz. It started science observation at the South Pole in 2016 with 2400 antenna-coupled transition-edge sensor bolometers. The receiver first demonstrated new technologies such as large-diameter alumina optics, Zotefoam infrared filters, and flux-activated SQUIDs, allowing ∼10× higher optical throughput compared to the Keck design. Bicep3 achieved instrument noise equivalent temperatures of 9.2, 6.8, and 7.1 μKCMBs and reached Stokes Q and U map depths of 5.9, 4.4, and 4.4 μK arcmin in 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively. The combined three-year data set achieved a polarization map depth of 2.8 μK arcmin over an effective area of 585 square degrees, which is the deepest CMB polarization map made to date at 95 GHz.