Salinity legacy: Foliar microbiome's history affects mutualist‐conferred salinity tolerance
Salinity legacy: Foliar microbiome's history affects mutualist‐conferred salinity tolerance
复制标题
盐度遗产：叶面微生物组的历史影响互利共生，赋予盐度耐受性
DOI：
10.1002/ecy.3679
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Afkhami, Michelle E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Subedi, Suresh C.;Allen, Preston;Vidales, Rosario;Sternberg, Leonel;Ross, Michael;Afkhami, Michelle E.
在人类世期间，人类驱动的环境快速变化给许多植物和动物带来了极大的压力。与微生物的有益相互作用可能对改善这些压力源和促进宿主生物提供的生态系统服务至关重要。叶面内生菌，即居住在叶子中的微生物，基本上存在于所有植物中，并能提供重要的益处（例如，增强耐旱性或抗草食性）。然而，目前尚不清楚选择这些微生物组的非生物应激源的遗留效应对于影响提供给其宿主的应激改善程度有多重要。为了阐明叶面内生菌在寄主-植物耐盐性中的作用，特别是在田间盐度条件下选择更适合提高寄主耐盐性的内生菌时，我们将沿海沼泽地30个地点的90个内生菌群落的田间收集与操纵生长实验相结合，评估内生菌接种对寄主-植物性能的影响。具体来说，我们在一个因子设计中培育了bbbb350棵红红树林（Rhizophora mangle）幼苗，该因子设计控制了幼苗所经历的盐度环境（淡水与咸水），引入了田间采集的内生菌（活菌与无菌接种物），以及这些引入的内生菌所经历的盐度胁迫的遗产，范围从无盐胁迫（0‰[ppt]盐度）到高盐胁迫（40 ppt）环境。我们发现，接种田间采集的内生菌可以显著提高红树林在几乎所有指标上的表现（平均提高15%-20%），这些有益效果通常发生在内生菌生长在盐水中的情况下。重要的是，我们的研究揭示了一个新的结果，即在一个关键的沿海基础物种中，内生菌赋予的盐度耐受性取决于微生物组的盐度遗产。平均而言，在高盐度环境中接种了内生菌微生物群的盐胁迫红树林与在低盐度环境中生长的植物一样，而淡水环境中的内生菌并没有缓解宿主的盐胁迫。考虑到海平面上升带来的盐度压力增加以及红树林等基础物种对生态系统服务的重要性，我们的研究结果表明，考虑内生关联及其盐度遗产可能是成功恢复和管理沿海栖息地的关键。
The rapid human‐driven changes in the environment during the Anthropocene have placed extreme stress on many plants and animals. Beneficial interactions with microorganisms may be crucial for ameliorating these stressors and facilitating the ecosystem services host organisms provide. Foliar endophytes, microorganisms that reside within leaves, are found in essentially all plants and can provide important benefits (e.g., enhanced drought tolerance or resistance to herbivory). However, it remains unclear how important the legacy effects of the abiotic stressors that select on these microbiomes are for affecting the degree of stress amelioration provided to their hosts. To elucidate foliar endophytes' role in host‐plant salt tolerance, especially if salinity experienced in the field selects for endophytes that are better suited to improve the salt tolerance of their hosts, we combined field collections of 90 endophyte communities from 30 sites across the coastal Everglades with a manipulative growth experiment assessing endophyte inoculation effects on host‐plant performance. Specifically, we grew >350 red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) seedlings in a factorial design that manipulated the salinity environment the seedlings experienced (freshwater vs. saltwater), the introduction of field‐collected endophytes (live vs. sterilized inoculum), and the legacy of salinity stress experienced by these introduced endophytes, ranging from no salt stress (0 parts per thousand [ppt] salinity) to high salt stress (40 ppt) environments. We found that inoculation with field‐collected endophytes significantly increased mangrove performance across almost all metrics examined (15%–20% increase on average), and these beneficial effects typically occurred when the endophytes were grown in saltwater. Importantly, our study revealed the novel result that endophyte‐conferred salinity tolerance depended on microbiome salinity legacy in a key coastal foundation species. Salt‐stressed mangroves inoculated with endophyte microbiomes from high‐salinity environments performed, on average, as well as plants grown in low‐stress freshwater, while endophytes from freshwater environments did not relieve host salinity stress. Given the increasing salinity stress imposed by sea level rise and the importance of foundation species like mangroves for ecosystem services, our results indicate that consideration of endophytic associations and their salinity legacy may be critical for the successful restoration and management of coastal habitats.