The neural correlates of consciousness: New experimental approaches needed?
The neural correlates of consciousness: New experimental approaches needed?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.concog.2009.02.006
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hohwy, Jakob
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hohwy, Jakob
看来，意识科学正在稳步发展，特别是在寻找意识的神经联系方面。有两种主要的搜索方法，一种是基于内容的(关注于有意识的感知，例如面孔和房子之间的对比)，另一种是基于状态的(关注整体意识状态，例如，无梦睡眠和清醒状态之间的对比)。对一些具体研究的方法论和概念性考虑表明，这两种方法都有问题：基于内容的方法似乎搁置了意识的关键方面；基于国家的方法似乎过于包容，在不忽视关键的有意识-无意识对比的情况下很难纠正。因此，寻找意识的神经关联需要新的实验范式。(C)2009 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
It appears that consciousness science is progressing soundly, in particular in its search for the neural correlates of consciousness. There are two main approaches to this search, one is content-based (focusing on the contrast between conscious perception of, e.g., faces vs. houses), the other is state-based (focusing on overall conscious states, e.g., the contrast between dreamless sleep vs. the awake state). Methodological and conceptual considerations of a number of concrete studies show that both approaches are problematic: the content-based approach seems to set aside crucial aspects of consciousness; and the state-based approach seems over-inclusive in a way that is hard to rectify without losing sight of the crucial conscious-unconscious contrast. Consequently, the search for the neural correlates of consciousness is in need of new experimental paradigms. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.