Prefrontal regions involved in keeping information in and out of mind
Prefrontal regions involved in keeping information in and out of mind
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/124.10.2074
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
Gabrieli, JDE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunge, SA;Ochsner, KN;Gabrieli, JDE
以目标为导向的行为依赖于将相关信息(工作记忆)保持在脑海中，而将无关信息保持在脑海中(行为抑制或干扰解决)。前额叶皮质对于工作记忆和干扰解决是必不可少的，但尚不清楚这两种心理能力是由共同的前额叶区域还是由不同的前额叶区域调节的。为了解决这个问题，功能磁共振成像被用来识别由单一任务中工作记忆负荷和干扰的单独操作激活的大脑区域(斯特恩伯格项目识别范式)。负载和干扰操作都与性能降低相关。受试者没有意识到干扰操作。负荷和干扰激活的区域之间高度重叠，包括双侧腹外侧和背外侧前额叶皮质、前岛叶、前扣带回和顶叶皮质。关键的是，没有一个区域完全是由干扰激活的。这个共同网络中的几个区域显示了不同受试者在负荷或干扰操作时的大脑行为相关性。右侧额中回和左侧额下回的激活与有效解决干扰的能力相关，而与有效管理增加的工作记忆负荷的能力无关。相反，前扣带回的激活与负荷敏感性相关，但与干扰敏感性无关。这些发现表明，在这项任务所涉及的电路中，一些区域更关键地参与了干扰的解决，而其他区域更多地参与了负载增加的解决。与干扰操作相比，前扣带回在更大程度上受到负荷的影响，这表明该区域被认为参与检测到需要更多地分配注意资源，在意识到需要认知控制的过程中可能特别受牵连。在目前的研究中，干扰解决并不涉及额外的抑制电路的招募，而是由支持工作记忆的神经系统的子集来调节。
Goal-directed behaviour depends on keeping relevant information in mind (working memory) and irrelevant information out of mind (behavioural inhibition or interference resolution). Prefrontal cortex is essential for working memory and for interference resolution, but it is unknown whether these two mental abilities are mediated by common or distinct prefrontal regions. To address this question, functional MRI was used to identify brain regions activated by separate manipulations of working memory load and interference within a single task (the Sternberg item recognition paradigm). Both load and interference manipulations were associated with performance decrements. Subjects were unaware of the interference manipulation. There was a high degree of overlap between the regions activated by load and interference, which included bilateral ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, anterior cingulate and parietal cortex. Critically, no region was activated exclusively by interference. Several regions within this common network exhibited a brain-behaviour correlation across subjects for the load or interference manipulation. Activation within the right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus was correlated with the ability to resolve interference efficiently, but not the ability to manage an increased working memory load efficiently. Conversely, activation of the anterior cingulate was correlated with load susceptibility, but was not correlated with interference susceptibility. These findings suggest that, within the circuitry engaged by this task, some regions are more critically involved in the resolution of interference whereas others are more involved in the resolution of an increase in load. The anterior cingulate was engaged to a greater extent by the load than interference manipulation, suggesting that this region, which is thought to be involved in detecting the need for greater allocation of attentional resources, may be particularly implicated during awareness of the need for cognitive control. In the present study, interference resolution did not involve recruitment of additional inhibitory circuitry, but was instead mediated by a subset of the neural system supporting working memory.