Recovery rate of harvest residues for bioenergy in boreal and temperate forests: A review
Recovery rate of harvest residues for bioenergy in boreal and temperate forests: A review
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北方和温带森林收获残留物用于生物能源的回收率：综述
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
D. Allen
中科院分区：
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作者：
É. Thiffault;Ariane Béchard;D. Paré;D. Allen
收获残渣是一种有吸引力的木质生物质原料，用于生物能源生产。由于技术和盈利能力的限制，总收获残留物的一部分通常留在切割块中。更好地了解影响残留物操作回收率可变性的因素，对于准确地为可持续森林生物量采购做法的政策制定提供信息至关重要。我们收集了来自北方和温带森林的野外试验结果，以量化剩余物回收率的变化范围，并确定解释这种变化的主要因素。平均回收率为52.2%，最小值为4.0%，最大值为89.1%，在平均值附近呈近正态分布。造成这种差异的主要因素是业务所在国，其中包括生物能源政策和市场、技术学习和林业情况等方面。生物能源政策的转变，生物能源市场的增长（以及获取途径的变化），以及沿着技术学习曲线的向上运动，可能会使残渣回收率接近本研究中观察到的最高值，例如北欧国家（72%残渣回收率），如果经济和技术条件不断改善，甚至会更高。然而，当地林分条件，特别是在林分自然变异性较高的北美，可能继续限制收获残留物的可操作性恢复。我们的研究结果表明，有必要制定政策，根据生态系统的生态适宜性来定义实践和阈值，为收获残留物的清查、量化和保留提供明确的定义和明确的标准。环境工程学报，2015,(4):429 - 451。doi: 10.1002 / wene.157
Harvest residues are an attractive woody biomass feedstock for bioenergy production. A portion of the total harvest residues are generally left in the cutblock due to technical and profitability constraints. A better understanding of the factors influencing the variability of residue operational recovery rate is important to inform accurately policy development on sustainable forest biomass procurement practices. We compiled the results of field trials from boreal and temperate forests to quantify the range of variation of residue recovery rates and to identify the main factors explaining this variability. The average recovery rate was 52.2%, with minimum and maximum values of 4.0 and 89.1%, and a near‐normal distribution around the average. The main factor contributing to this variation was country of operations, which encompasses aspects of bioenergy policy and markets, technological learning, and forestry context. A shift in bioenergy policy, a growth in (and a change in access to) bioenergy markets, and upward movements along the technological learning curve could increase residue recovery rates approaching the highest values observed in this study, such as those in Nordic countries (72% residue recovery), or even higher if economic and technological conditions keep improving. However, local stand conditions, especially in North America where natural variability is high among forest stands, may continue to constrain operational recovery of harvest residues. Our results suggest the need for the development of policies that define practices and thresholds based on the ecological suitability of ecosystems, with clear definitions and explicit standards for harvest residue inventory, quantification, and retention. WIREs Energy Environ 2015, 4:429–451. doi: 10.1002/wene.157