Experimental investigation by laser ultrasonics for high speed train axle diagnostics
Experimental investigation by laser ultrasonics for high speed train axle diagnostics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ultras.2014.08.010
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Tomasini, E. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cavuto, A.;Martarelli, M.;Tomasini, E. P.
本文论证了激光超声检测方法在提高列车车轴超声检测性能方面的适用性。该方法利用空气耦合超声探头检测高功率脉冲激光器产生的超声波。因此，从产生到检测，测量链是完全非接触的，这可以大大加快检测时间，使设置更加灵活。所开发的技术的主要优点是它在热弹性状态下工作，因此可以认为是一种非破坏性的方法。所研究的激光超声方法已应用于意大利铁路公司（Trenitalia）提供的实际高速列车车轴的检测，并根据标准规范明确了典型的疲劳缺陷。研制了专用试验台，实现了轴的角度控制旋转，加快了对轴面检测的速度。所提出的激光超声方法可以实现自动化，并且可能适用于火车车轴的定期检查。本文研究的主要成果有：利用数值有限元模型研究了激光超声诊断变截面列车空心轴的有效适用性；在实际列车轴上进行了自动实验；与激光源接收探头距离和接收探头角度位置一样，证明了该技术适用于检测列车轴上故意制造的表面缺陷。(C) 2014 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
The present paper demonstrates the applicability of a laser-ultrasonic procedure to improve the performances of train axle ultrasonic inspection. The method exploits an air-coupled ultrasonic probe that detects the ultrasonic waves generated by a high-power pulsed laser. As a result, the measurement chain is completely non-contact, from generation to detection, this making it possible to considerably speed up inspection time and make the set-up more flexible. The main advantage of the technique developed is that it works in thermo-elastic regime and it therefore can be considered as a non-destructive method.The laser-ultrasonic procedure investigated has been applied for the inspection of a real high speed train axle provided by the Italian railway company (Trenitalia), on which typical fatigue defects have been expressly created according to standard specifications. A dedicated test bench has been developed so as to rotate the axle with the angle control and to speed up the inspection of the axle surface. The laser-ultrasonic procedure proposed can be automated and is potentially suitable for regular inspection of train axles.The main achievements of the activity described in this paper are:-the study of the effective applicability of laser-ultrasonics for the diagnostic of train hollow axles with variable sections by means of a numerical FE model,-the carrying out of an automated experiment on a real train axle,-the analysis of the sensitivity to experimental parameters, like laser source-receiving probe distance and receiving probe angular position,-the demonstration that the technique is suitable for the detection of surface defects purposely created on the train axle. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.