Inhaling to mitigate exhaled bioaerosols
Inhaling to mitigate exhaled bioaerosols
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0408159101
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发表时间：
2004-12-14
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Scheuch, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards, DA;Man, JC;Scheuch, G
在正常呼吸过程中，人类通常会呼出由小滴气道衬里液体组成的气溶胶。这些“呼出的生物气溶胶”可能携带空气中的病原体，从而扩大某些传染病的传播，如流感，肺结核和严重急性呼吸系统综合征。我们假设，通过吸入无毒气溶胶改变肺气道表面特性，我们可能会大大减少呼出的生物气溶胶液滴的数量，从而提供一种简单的方法，以潜在地减轻空气传播的传染病的传播，而不依赖于空气传播的病原体的身份或任何特定治疗的性质。我们发现，一些正常的人类受试者呼出更多的生物气溶胶颗粒比其他个人在安静的呼吸，因此承担生产呼出的生物气溶胶的负担。对这些“高产”个体给予雾化等渗盐水可使呼出的生物气溶胶颗粒数量减少72.10 +/- 8.19%，持续6小时。用盐水和表面活性剂进行的体外和体内实验表明，雾化盐水的作用机制与气道衬里流体的物理性质（特别是表面张力）的改变有关。
Humans commonly exhale aerosols comprised of small droplets of airway-lining fluid during normal breathing. These "exhaled bioaerosols" may carry airborne pathogens and thereby magnify the spread of certain infectious diseases, such as influenza, tuberculosis, and severe acute respiratory syndrome. We hypothesize that, by altering lung airway surface properties through an inhaled nontoxic aerosol, we might substantially diminish the number of exhaled bioaerosol droplets and thereby provide a simple means to potentially mitigate the spread of airborne infectious disease independently of the identity of the airborne pathogen or the nature of any specific therapy. We find that some normal human subjects expire many more bioaerosol particles than other individuals during quiet breathing and therefore bear the burden of production of exhaled bioaerosols. Administering nebulized isotonic saline to these "high-producer" individuals diminishes the number of exhaled bioaerosol particles expired by 72.10 +/- 8.19% for up to 6 h. In vitro and in vivo experiments with saline and surfactants suggest that the mechanism of action of the nebulized saline relates to modification of the physical properties of the airway-lining fluid, notably surface tension.