Temporal changes in calyx tube length of Clematis stans (Ranunculaceae):: A strategy for pollination by two bumble bee species with different proboscis lengths
Temporal changes in calyx tube length of Clematis stans (Ranunculaceae):: A strategy for pollination by two bumble bee species with different proboscis lengths
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DOI：
10.3732/ajb.91.12.2051
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Murata, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dohzono, K;Suzuki, K;Murata, J
我们研究了适应意义的时间减少萼筒长度的铁线莲，雌雄异株种授粉熊蜂分歧（长喙）和B。honshuensis（短长鼻）。我们比较了访问频率，花粉去除，花粉沉积，并在一次访问后的三个开花阶段，区分萼筒长度坐果。熊蜂经常访问和删除显着更多的花粉从长花。本州熊蜂（Bombus honshuensis）访问并倾向于从短花中移除更多的花粉。这两种传粉者在短花中沉积更多的花粉，导致更高的坐果率。这些结果表明，喙和萼筒之间的大小对应提高访问频率和花粉去除，但不是花粉沉积。由于一次访问不会使一朵花的所有胚珠受精，两种不起眼的蜜蜂多次访问可能会增加种子产量和后代的遗传多样性。通过改变萼筒长度，C.斯坦斯可以使用两个不起眼的蜜蜂授粉者，并与每一个保持专门的关系。这种策略可能是自适应的，当传粉动物群波动，是经济的，因为它消除了生产不同类型的花所需的成本。这构成了一个新的模式的时间专业化的花传粉者的关系。
We examined the adaptive significance of a temporal decrease in the calyx tube length of Clematis stans, a dioecious species pollinated by Bombus diversus (long proboscis) and B. honshuensis (short proboscis). We compared visitation frequency, pollen removal, pollen deposition, and fruit set after a single visit among three flower stages, differentiated by calyx tube length. Bombus diversus frequently visited and removed significantly more pollen from long flowers. Bombus honshuensis visited and tended to remove more pollen from short flowers. Both pollinators deposited more pollen in short flowers, resulting in higher fruit set. These results indicate that size correspondence between the proboscis and the calyx tube enhances visitation frequency and pollen removal, but not pollen deposition. Because a single visit does not fertilize all Ovules of a flower, multiple visits by two humble bee species may increase seed production and genetic diversity of offspring. By temporally changing calyx tube length, C. stans can use two humble bee pollinators and maintain specialized relationships with each. This strategy may be adaptive when the pollinator fauna fluctuates, and is economical because it eliminates costs required to produce different types of flowers. This constitutes a novel pattern of temporal specialization in flower-pollinator relationships.