Can chimpanzee infants (Pan troglodytes) form categorical representations in the same manner as human infants (Homo sapiens)?
Can chimpanzee infants (Pan troglodytes) form categorical representations in the same manner as human infants (Homo sapiens)?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2005.00413.x
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发表时间：
2005-05
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chizuko Murai;Daisuke Kosugi;M. Tomonaga;Masayuki Tanaka;T. Matsuzawa;S. Itakura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chizuko Murai;Daisuke Kosugi;M. Tomonaga;Masayuki Tanaka;T. Matsuzawa;S. Itakura
我们直接比较了黑猩猩婴儿和人类婴儿的三个全球性的类别（哺乳动物，家具和车辆）的分类表示，使用熟悉新奇偏好技术。两个物种在实验期间都没有接受过任何训练。我们使用参与者在触摸刺激物时观看刺激物的时间作为衡量标准。在熟悉阶段，向参与者展示了来自三个类别之一的四个熟悉对象（例如哺乳动物）。然后，在测试阶段用一对新的对象进行测试，一个是熟悉的类别对象，另一个是新的类别对象（例如车辆）。黑猩猩婴儿没有表现出明显的习惯性，而人类婴儿则表现出了。然而，最重要的是，这两个物种在测试阶段表现出显着的新奇偏好。这表明，不仅是人类婴儿，黑猩猩婴儿也形成了类似全球水平的范畴表征。分类能力的共同起源和物种特异性，以及分类的认知操作的影响，进行了讨论。
We directly compared chimpanzee infants and human infants for categorical representations of three global-like categories (mammals, furniture and vehicles), using the familiarization-novelty preference technique. Neither species received any training during the experiments. We used the time that participants spent looking at the stimulus object while touching it as a measure. During the familiarization phase, participants were presented with four familiarization objects from one of three categories (e.g. mammals). Then, they were tested with a pair of novel objects, one was a familiar-category object and another was a novel-category object (e.g. vehicle) in the test phase. The chimpanzee infants did not show significant habituation, whereas human infants did. However, most important, both species showed significant novelty-preference in the test phase. This indicates that not only human infants, but also chimpanzee infants formed categorical representations of a global-like level. Implications for the shared origins and species-specificity of categorization abilities, and the cognitive operations underlying categorization, are discussed.