Heads Up, Phones Down: A Pedestrian Safety Intervention on Distracted Crosswalk Behavior
Heads Up, Phones Down: A Pedestrian Safety Intervention on Distracted Crosswalk Behavior
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DOI：
10.1007/s10900-018-0488-y
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Arbogast, Helen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barin, Erica N.;McLaughlin, Cory M.;Arbogast, Helen
手机的使用与司机分心和机动车碰撞有关，最近又与行人分心有关。针对这一重要公共卫生问题的干预措施数据有限。我们假设在十字路口附近使用视觉干预会减少行人分心行为的频率。我们进行了一项前瞻性观察队列研究，检查了人行道上的彩绘模板，上面写着“抬头，放下手机”，作为减少行人手机干扰的干预措施。这些模印信息被放置在洛杉矶县的儿童医院、中学和高中。在干预前、干预后1周和干预后4个月分别对行人干扰（发短信、打电话、使用耳机等）进行匿名观察。使用卡方检验比较干预前后的干扰。共观察到11533名行人，其中71%为儿童，29%为成人。总分心从干预前的23%下降到植入支架1周后的17% (p < 0.01)，但在4个月时没有持续（23%,p = 0.4）。干预后4个月，只有发短信的患者持续下降（8.5% vs. 6.8%, p < 0.01）。一个简单的视觉干预减少了过街行人分心使用手机的情况，但这在干预后的早期最为有效。未来的研究有必要确定如何在一段时间内保持这种效果，以及如何最大限度地减少其他类型的干扰。
Cell phone use has been implicated in driver distraction and motor vehicle crashes, and more recently has been associated with distracted pedestrians. There are limited data on interventions aimed at this important public health issue. We hypothesized that the use of a visual intervention near street crossings would decrease the frequency of distracted behaviors of pedestrians. We performed a prospective observational cohort study examining painted sidewalk stencils reading, "Heads Up, Phones Down" as an intervention to decrease cell phone distractions amongst pedestrians. These stenciled messages were placed at a children's hospital, middle school, and high school in Los Angeles County. Anonymous observations of pedestrian distractions (texting, talking on a phone, headphone use, and other) were conducted before, 1 week after, and 4 months after the intervention. Distractions were compared before and after intervention using Chi square tests. A total of 11,533 pedestrians were observed, with 71% children and 29% adults. Total distractions decreased from 23% pre-intervention to 17% 1 week after stencil placement (p < 0.01), but this was not sustained at 4 months (23%, p = 0.4). A sustained decrease was observed only for texting at 4 months post-intervention (8.5% vs. 6.8%, p < 0.01). A simple visual intervention reduced distracted cell phone usage in pedestrians crossing the street, but this was most effective early after the intervention. Future studies are warranted to determine how to sustain this effect over time and how to minimize other types of distractions.