Wireless, flexible, self-powered sensor to analyze head impact kinematics
Wireless, flexible, self-powered sensor to analyze head impact kinematics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108835
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发表时间：
2023-11
期刊：
影响因子：
17.6
通讯作者：
Gerardo L. Morales-Torres;I. González-Afanador;Bianca M. Dávila-Montero;J. Pastrana;Henry Dsouza;Nelson Sepúlveda
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文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerardo L. Morales-Torres;I. González-Afanador;Bianca M. Dávila-Montero;J. Pastrana;Henry Dsouza;Nelson Sepúlveda
这项工作提出了一个无线的，灵活的，自供电传感器的原型，用于分析与脑震荡相关的头部撞击运动学，脑震荡在高接触运动中很常见。两个无绳索的、纸一样薄的、具有类似压电行为的柔性传感装置被放置在人类头部替代物的颈部，用于在撞击期间监测该区域的应力/应变。撞击力施加的机械能--位置和大小不同--被转化为电能脉冲，并以无线方式传输到智能设备进行存储和分析。无线原型系统采用集成了蓝牙低能量模块的微控制器。然后，将传输信号的静态和动态特性与嵌入头盔的加速度计的信号进行比较，以将传感器的输出映射到碰撞过程中的角速度和加速度。研究表明，只使用两个传感器就足以检测来自任何方向的撞击；在颈部区域周围放置多个外部传感器可以提供有关头部在碰撞过程中的动力学的准确信息，而其他传感器无法捕捉到这些信息。
This work presents a prototype of a wireless, flexible, self-powered sensor used to analyze head impact kinematics relevant to concussions, which are frequent in high-contact sports. Two untethered, paper-thin, and flexible sensing devices with piezoelectric-like behavior are placed around the neck of a human head substitute and used to monitor stress/strain in this region during an impact. The mechanical energy exerted by an impact force --varied in locations and magnitudes-- is converted to pulses of electric energy which are transmitted wirelessly to a smart device for storage and analysis. The wireless prototype system is presented using a microcontroller with an integrated Bluetooth Low Energy module. The static and dynamic characteristics of the transmitted signal are then compared to signals from accelerometers embedded in a head substitute, to map the sensor’s output to the angular velocity and acceleration during impacts. It is demonstrated that using only two sensors is enough to detect impacts coming from any direction; and that placing multiple external sensors around the neck region could provide accurate information on the dynamics of the head, during a collision, which other sensors fail to capture.