Brown Rot-Type Fungal Decomposition of Sorghum Bagasse: Variable Success and Mechanistic Implications.
Brown Rot-Type Fungal Decomposition of Sorghum Bagasse: Variable Success and Mechanistic Implications.
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DOI：
10.1155/2018/4961726
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Schilling JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Presley GN;Ndimba BK;Schilling JS
甜高粱在变暖、干燥的非洲气候中是一种很有前途的作物，而且缺乏关于其木质纤维素残留物（甘蔗渣）转化途径的基本信息。褐腐木材分解真菌使用碳水化合物选择性途径，当在高粱（一种草基质）上进行评估时，可以获得与植物生物量转化和真菌生物学相关的信息。在对褐腐真菌（Gloeophyllum trabeum, Serpula lacrymans）对高粱的分解试验中，我们发现褐腐真菌对高粱的降解能力很强，先去除木聚糖，后去除葡聚糖。相反，Serpula lacrymans几乎不会分解。两种真菌的麦角甾醇（真菌生物标志物）和蛋白质水平相似，但S. lacrymans对高粱的多糖降解酶比活性比G. trabeum低近4倍，这可能是饥饿的症状。将这些信息与其他已知在分解禾草方面有类似问题的褐腐菌（Postia胎盘，Fomitopsis pinicola）的基因组比较联系起来，表明S. lacrymans缺乏CE 1阿铁酰酯酶以及低木聚糖酶活性（比G. trabeum低3倍）可能会阻碍S. lacrymans， P.胎盘和F. pinicola降解禾草基质。这些结果表明褐腐机制的可变性，这可能源于降解某些木质素-碳水化合物复合物的不同能力。
Sweet sorghum is a promising crop for a warming, drying African climate, and basic information is lacking on conversion pathways for its lignocellulosic residues (bagasse). Brown rot wood-decomposer fungi use carbohydrate-selective pathways that, when assessed on sorghum, a grass substrate, can yield information relevant to both plant biomass conversion and fungal biology. In testing sorghum decomposition by brown rot fungi (Gloeophyllum trabeum, Serpula lacrymans), we found that G. trabeum readily degraded sorghum, removing xylan prior to removing glucan. Serpula lacrymans, conversely, caused little decomposition. Ergosterol (fungal biomarker) and protein levels were similar for both fungi, but S. lacrymans produced nearly 4x lower polysaccharide-degrading enzyme specific activity on sorghum than G. trabeum, perhaps a symptom of starvation. Linking this information to genome comparisons including other brown rot fungi known to have a similar issue regarding decomposing grasses (Postia placenta, Fomitopsis pinicola) suggested that a lack of CE 1 feruloyl esterases as well as low xylanase activity in S. lacrymans (3x lower than in G. trabeum) may hinder S. lacrymans, P. placenta, and F. pinicola when degrading grass substrates. These results indicate variability in brown rot mechanisms, which may stem from a differing ability to degrade certain lignin-carbohydrate complexes.