Correlates of spiritual well-being in terminally ill persons with AIDS and terminally ill persons with cancer.
Correlates of spiritual well-being in terminally ill persons with AIDS and terminally ill persons with cancer.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1055-3290(97)80056-8
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发表时间：
1997-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stables, J L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pace, J C;Stables, J L
为了确定艾滋病晚期患者是否比其他晚期患者，特别是癌症患者有更大的宗教和精神护理需求，在东南部的一家社区临终关怀医院进行了一项研究。该研究的目的是比较临终关怀机构中癌症末期患者和艾滋病末期患者对精神健康、孤独、社会支持、健康坚韧、疼痛和功能状态的看法，并检查临终关怀人群精神健康的预测因素。 55 名临终关怀患者样本完成了精神健康相关量表 (COSWEB)，其中包括人口统计数据表和衡量精神健康、孤独感、健康耐受性、社会支持、功能状态和疼痛的工具。艾滋病患者的精神健康状况明显低于癌症和其他慢性绝症患者。艾滋病患者也比其他患者群体表现出明显更大的孤独感。艾滋病患者获得的社会支持数量明显低于癌症患者和其他群体；此外，艾滋病患者对其支持的满意度明显高于其他患者群体。在这项研究中，精神幸福感的最佳预测因素是社会支持和孤独感，这解释了精神幸福感差异的 47%。这项研究的结果表明特定临终关怀患者群体之间存在差异。由于支持系统减少、对支持的不满、孤独感增强、进入临终关怀机构的年龄较小、家庭支持较少、缺乏公认的长期关系以及相关问题，如恐同症、宗教派别感知的排斥、不稳定的生活环境、经济劣势以及处理生活事件/意义的时间较少，艾滋病患者的精神状况可能不如其他绝症患者群体。本研究和未来类似研究的结果可以更好地使医疗保健提供者能够为各种绝症患者群体分配时间和资源，以实现更高质量的护理结果，特别是更大的精神福祉。
In an effort to determine if terminally ill patients with AIDS had greater religious and spiritual care needs than other terminally ill patient populations, particularly those with cancer, a study was conducted in a community-based hospice in the southeast. The purpose of the study was to compare the perceptions of spiritual well-being, loneliness, social support, health hardiness, pain, and functional status among terminally ill clients with cancer and terminally ill clients with AIDS in a hospice setting and to examine predictors of spiritual well-being in a hospice population. A sample of 55 hospice patients completed the Correlates of Spiritual Well-Being Scale (COSWEB), which includes a demographic data sheet and instruments to measure spiritual well-being, loneliness, health hardiness, social support, functional status, and pain. Patients with AIDS reported significantly lower spiritual well-being than did patients with cancer and other chronic, terminal illnesses. Patients with AIDS also reported significantly greater loneliness than other patient populations. The number of social supports for patients with AIDS was significantly lower than for cancer patients and other groups; moreover, patients with AIDS were significantly more dissatisfied with their supports than other patient groups. The best predictors of spiritual well-being in this study were social support and loneliness, which explained 47% of the variance in spiritual well-being. The results of this study suggest differences between specific groups of hospice patients. Patients with AIDS may be less spiritually well than other terminally ill patient populations due to decreased support systems, dissatisfaction with supports, greater feelings of loneliness, younger ages on entry to hospice, fewer family supports, lack of recognized long-term relationships, and related issues such as homophobia, perceived rejection by religious denominations, unstable living environments, economic disadvantages, and less time to process life events/meaning. Findings in this study and similar future studies can better enable health care providers to allocate time and resources to various terminally ill patient populations to achieve higher quality care outcomes in general and greater spiritual well-being in particular.