Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in People' s Republic of China from 2010 to 2017.
Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in People' s Republic of China from 2010 to 2017.
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DOI：
10.16250/j.32.1374.2018232
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发表时间：
2019-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zhou Xiao-Nong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cao Chun-Li;Zhang Li-Juan;Zhou Xiao-Nong
目的了解2010 - 2017年中国血吸虫病流行趋势，为消除血吸虫病提供科学依据。方法收集2010 - 2017年全国血吸虫病防控信息，包括人群流行情况、家畜控制情况、钉螺控制情况等。采用Microsoft Excel进行数据管理和分析。结果2010 - 2017年，中国血吸虫病流行呈明显下降趋势。全国估计病例数下降幅度为88.46%。全省共报告急性血吸虫病71例，其中输入性病例占12.68%（9/71）。养殖牛下降率为50.09%，累计感染血吸虫牛17239头，粪便检查平均阳性率由1.04%下降至0.00022%。全国钉螺发现面积为373 596.18 ~ 363 068.95 hm2，新发现钉螺面积为46.71 ~ 1 346.73 hm2。2012年血吸虫感染钉螺面积为171.68 hm2, 2013年为9.25 hm2。在7个流行省的72个重点监测点中，2010年有17个水体血吸虫阳性点，2016年有6个。血吸虫病监测点血吸虫病传播的高危因素有感染血吸虫的牛、狗、田鼠、田粪、钉螺区牧场等。结论中国血吸虫病流行状况已明显下降，传播水平很低。然而，流行环境中的传染源和危险因素尚未完全消除。因此，应加强传染源控制、健康教育、防螺、传播监测等工作，以促进消除血吸虫病工作的进展。
Objective To understand the epidemic trend of schistosomiasis in China from 2010 to 2017 so as to provide the scientific evidence for schistosomiasis elimination. Methods The information of schistosomiasis control nationwide from 2010 to 2017 was collected, including the endemic of population, status of livestock control, and Oncomelania hupensis snail control. Microsoft Excel was applied for datum management and analysis. Results From 2010 to 2017, the epidemic of schistosomiasis in China dropped significantly. The decreasing amplitude of estimated number of patients nationwide was 88.46%. Seventy-one acute schistosomiasis patients were reported and 12.68% (9/71) of them were imported. The decreasing rate of cultivated cattle was 50.09%, and the accumulative number of schistosome-infected cattle was 17 239, and the average positive rate of stool examinations decreased from 1.04% to 0.000 22%. The area with snails nationwide was 373 596.18 to 363 068.95 hm2, and the new detected area with snails was 46.71 to 1 346.73 hm2. The area with schistosome-infected snails was 171.68 hm2 in 2012 and it was 9.25 hm2 in 2013. In 72 key monitoring points of 7 endemic provinces, there were 17 schistosome positive points of water body in 2010 and 6 points in 2016. There were some high risk-factors related to schistosomiasis transmission including schistosome-infected cattle, dogs, and field rats, and the field stools, and the pasture in the area with snails in schistosomiasis monitoring points. Conclusions The endemic status of schistosomiasis in China has dropped significantly, and the transmission level is very low. However, the infectious source and risk factors in the endemic environments have not be eliminated. Therefore, the infectious source control, health education, snail control, and transmission monitoring should be strengthened, so as to promote the progress of schistosomiasis elimination.