Longitudinal associations of experiences of adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage during childhood with labour force participation and exit in later adulthood
Longitudinal associations of experiences of adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage during childhood with labour force participation and exit in later adulthood
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.04.023
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Clark, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fahy, A. E.;Stansfeld, S. A.;Clark, C.
延长工作寿命（EWL）议程旨在将就业维持到传统退休年龄及以后。这项研究审查了童年因素在影响老年人参与和退出劳动力队伍方面的潜在作用，以期为在生命早期采取积极干预措施提供信息，以提高个人未来延长工作寿命的能力。儿童时期的逆境和社会经济劣势以前被认为与整个生命周期的健康状况不佳和成年早期的疾病福利有关。这项研究建立在以前的研究，通过检查童年逆境和自我报告的老年人（55岁）的劳动力参与之间的关联。数据来自国家儿童发展研究-1958年一周内所有英格兰，苏格兰和威尔士出生的前瞻性队列。有证据表明，儿童时期的逆境与55岁时患永久性疾病的风险增加之间存在关联-在调整了脱离教育和成年因素（心理/身体健康、资格、社会经济劣势）后，这种关联在很大程度上得以维持。具体来说，受到虐待或忽视的儿童更有可能在55岁时永久生病。此外，在男性中，那些在护理中的人，那些在家中经历疾病的人，以及那些经历两次或两次以上童年逆境的人更有可能在55岁时永久生病。童年因素也与兼职工作和55岁退休有关。严重的童年逆境可能是55岁时劳动力退出的重要远端预测因素，特别是通过永久性疾病。值得注意的是，一些逆境只在男性中显示出相关性，这可能会为旨在延长工作寿命的干预措施提供信息。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The Extending Working Lives (EWL) agenda seeks to sustain employment up to and beyond traditional retirement ages. This study examined the potential role of childhood factors in shaping labour force participation and exit among older adults, with a view to informing proactive interventions early in the life-course to enhance individuals' future capacity for extending their working lives. Childhood adversity and socioeconomic disadvantage have previously been linked to ill-health across the life-span and sickness benefit in early adulthood. This study builds upon previous research by examining associations between childhood adversity and self-reported labour force participation among older adults (aged 55). Data was from the National Child Development Study - a prospective cohort of all English, Scottish, & Welsh births in one week in 1958. There was evidence for associations between childhood adversity and increased risk of permanent sickness at 55 years - which were largely sustained after adjustment for educational disengagement and adulthood factors (mental/physical health, qualifications, socioeconomic disadvantage). Specifically, children who were abused or neglected were more likely to be permanently sick at 55 years. In addition, among males, those in care, those experiencing illness in the home, and those experiencing two or more childhood adversities were more likely to be permanently sick at 55 years. Childhood factors were also associated with part-time employment and retirement at 55 years. Severe childhood adversities may represent important distal predictors of labour force exit at 55 years, particularly via permanent sickness. Notably, some adversities show associations among males only, which may inform interventions designed to extend working lives. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.