Imprinting
Imprinting
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DOI：
10.1002/wcs.1231
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
McCabe, Brian J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCabe, Brian J.
印记是一种学习，通过这种学习，动物在接触到某个物体后，会将其社会偏好限制在该物体上。子女印记发生在出生或孵化后不久，性印记发生在性成熟开始前后；两者都有敏感期。这篇综述主要是关于孝道印记。家鸡的子代印记是研究学习和记忆机制的有效实验系统。广泛的证据表明，鸡前脑的一个受限部分，即中间和内侧系膜(IMM)，是视觉印记的记忆存储。在印记视觉刺激后，IMM的神经元反应特别偏向印记刺激。无论是这种偏见，还是印记测量的行为的强度，都取决于训练后不久不间断的睡眠。当IMM中与学习相关的改变是偏侧化的，它们主要或完全发生在左侧。消融实验表明，左侧IMM负责长期存储关于印记刺激的信息；右侧也是存储器，但另外对于IMM之外的额外存储是必要的，在灵活使用通过印记获得的信息所必需的区域中。听觉印迹可引起IMM前侧的内侧吻侧核/系膜的生化、神经解剖学和电生理学改变。听觉印记还没有被证明会在IMM中产生与学习相关的变化。印记可以通过先天倾向来促进。在家中的雏鸟和人类婴儿身上也有类似的脸部和生物运动倾向。(C)2013 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
Imprinting is a type of learning by which an animal restricts its social preferences to an object after exposure to that object. Filial imprinting occurs shortly after birth or hatching and sexual imprinting, around the onset of sexual maturity; both have sensitive periods. This review is concerned mainly with filial imprinting. Filial imprinting in the domestic chick is an effective experimental system for investigating mechanisms underlying learning and memory. Extensive evidence implicates a restricted part of the chick forebrain, the intermediate and medial mesopallium (IMM), as a memory store for visual imprinting. After imprinting to a visual stimulus, neuronal responsiveness in IMM is specifically biased toward the imprinting stimulus. Both this bias and the strength of imprinting measured behaviorally depend on uninterrupted sleep shortly after training. When learning-related changes in IMM are lateralized they occur predominantly or completely on the left side. Ablation experiments indicate that the left IMM is responsible for long-term storage of information about the imprinting stimulus; the right side is also a store but additionally is necessary for extra storage outside IMM, in a region necessary for flexible use of information acquired through imprinting. Auditory imprinting gives rise to biochemical, neuroanatomical, and electrophysiological changes in the medio-rostral nidopallium/mesopallium, anterior to IMM. Auditory imprinting has not been shown to produce learning-related changes in IMM. Imprinting may be facilitated by predispositions. Similar predispositions for faces and biological motion occur in domestic chicks and human infants. (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.