Is a Swine Model of Arteriovenous Malformation Suitable for Human Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformation? A Preliminary Study
Is a Swine Model of Arteriovenous Malformation Suitable for Human Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformation? A Preliminary Study
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DOI：
10.1007/s00270-013-0627-x
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发表时间：
2013-05
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
M. Lv;X. Fan;L. Su
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Lv;X. Fan;L. Su
目的建立猪mirabilia视网膜（RMB）慢性动静脉畸形（AVM）模型，并与人颅外动静脉畸形（EAVM）进行血流动力学和病理比较，探讨该脑动静脉畸形模型是否可作为EAVM模型。方法采用端对端吻合术在8只动物颈总动脉和颈外静脉之间建立动静脉瘘。术后1个月处死所有动物，尸检获得双侧视网膜，进行苏木精、伊红染色和免疫组织化学。术前和术后的血流动力学评估也进行了。然后，将动物模型的血流量和组织学变化与人EAVM进行比较。结果术后血管造影显示，血流从供血动脉流出，经病灶，引流至引流静脉，与人的EAVM相似。显微镜检查显示，模型RMB与病灶内腔均扩张，内弹性层均破裂，但血管壁厚度差异有统计学意义。平滑肌肌动蛋白、血管生成素1、血管生成素2的免疫组化反应性在慢性模型病灶微血管和人EAVM中相似，而血管内皮生长因子在人EAVM和模型RMB中差异有统计学意义。结论AVM模型在血流动力学和免疫组织化学特征上与人AVM相似，但在解剖结构和发病机制上仍存在一定差异。该模型的适用性和有效性有待进一步研究。
ObjectiveA chronic arteriovenous malformation (AVM) model using the swine retia mirabilia (RMB) was developed and compared with the human extracranial AVM (EAVM) both in hemodynamics and pathology, to see if this brain AVM model can be used as an EAVM model.MethodsWe created an arteriovenous fistula between the common carotid artery and the external jugular vein in eight animals by using end-to-end anastomosis. All animals were sacrificed 1 month after surgery, and the bilateral retia were obtained at autopsy and performed hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Pre- and postsurgical hemodynamic evaluations also were conducted. Then, the blood flow and histological changes of the animal model were compared with human EAVM.ResultsThe angiography after operation showed that the blood flow, like human EAVM, flowed from the feeding artery, via the nidus, drained to the draining vein. Microscopic examination showed dilated lumina and disrupted internal elastic lamina in both RMB of model and nidus of human EAVM, but the thickness of vessel wall had significant difference. Immunohistochemical reactivity for smooth muscle actin, angiopoietin 1, and angiopoietin 2 were similar in chronic model nidus microvessels and human EAVM, whereas vascular endothelial growth factor was significant difference between human EAVM and RMB of model.ConclusionsThe AVM model described here is similar to human EAVM in hemodynamics and immunohistochemical features, but there are still some differences in anatomy and pathogenetic mechanism. Further study is needed to evaluate the applicability and efficacy of this model.