Personalized microbiome-driven effects of non-nutritive sweeteners on human glucose tolerance
Personalized microbiome-driven effects of non-nutritive sweeteners on human glucose tolerance
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.016
复制
发表时间：
2022-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Elinav, Eran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suez, Jotham;Cohen, Yotam;Elinav, Eran
非营养性甜味剂（NNS）通常被整合到人类饮食中，并被认为是惰性的;然而，动物研究表明，它们可能会影响微生物组和下游血糖反应。我们在一项随机对照试验中评估了NNS对人类及其微生物组的影响，该试验包括120名健康成年人，与接受含载体葡萄糖或无补充剂的对照组相比，以低于每日可接受摄入量的剂量给予糖精，三氯蔗糖，甜菊糖和甜叶菊小袋2周。作为组，每个施用NNS明显改变粪便和口腔微生物组和血浆代谢组，而糖精和三氯蔗糖显著损害血糖反应。重要的是，用来自四个补充NNS的组中的每一个的多个顶部和底部响应者的微生物组常规化的gnotobiotic小鼠的血糖反应主要反映了在相应的人类供体中注意到的那些，这些供体被不同的微生物信号抢占，如三氯蔗糖所例示的。总的来说，人类NNS摄入可能会诱导个体特异性、微生物组依赖性血糖变化，因此需要进一步评估临床意义。
Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are commonly integrated into human diet and presumed to be inert; however, animal studies suggest that they may impact the microbiome and downstream glycemic responses. We causally assessed NNS impacts in humans and their microbiomes in a randomized-controlled trial encom-passing 120 healthy adults, administered saccharin, sucralose, aspartame, and stevia sachets for 2 weeks in doses lower than the acceptable daily intake, compared with controls receiving sachet-contained vehicle glucose or no supplement. As groups, each administered NNS distinctly altered stool and oral microbiome and plasma metabolome, whereas saccharin and sucralose significantly impaired glycemic responses. Importantly, gnotobiotic mice conventionalized with microbiomes from multiple top and bottom responders of each of the four NNS-supplemented groups featured glycemic responses largely reflecting those noted in respective human donors, which were preempted by distinct microbial signals, as exemplified by sucralose. Collectively, human NNS consumption may induce person-specific, microbiome-dependent glycemic alter-ations, necessitating future assessment of clinical implications.