Upper airway size analysis by magnetic resonance imaging of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Upper airway size analysis by magnetic resonance imaging of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
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DOI：
10.1164/rccm.200206-613oc
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
24.7
通讯作者：
Udupa, JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arens, R;McDonough, JM;Udupa, JK
对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停儿童的上呼吸道尚未进行详细分析。我们使用磁共振成像和自动分割来描绘20名阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停儿童和20名对照受试者（年龄分别为3.7 ± 1.4岁和3.9 ± 1.7岁）的上气道。我们测量了以下部位的平均和最小横截面积、长度和体积：（1）总气道;（2）沿着腺样体、扁桃体的区域以及腺样体和扁桃体重叠的区域;（3）沿着气道以10%增量的10个节段。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停组的总气道平均横截面积明显小于对照组，分别为28.1 ± 12.6和47.1 ± 18.2 mm（2）（p < 0.0005）。该组的最小横截面积和气道容积较小，分别为4.6 +/- 3.3和15.7 +/- 12.7 mm（2）（p < 0.0005），1，129 +/- 515和1，794 +/- 846 mm（3）（p < 0.005）。区域分析表明，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停儿童的上呼吸道在腺样体和扁桃体重叠的地方最受限制。节段分析表明，上气道在其最初的三分之二长度上受到限制，狭窄不是在邻近腺样体或扁桃体的离散区域，而是以连续的方式沿着两者。
Detailed analysis of the upper airway has not been performed in children with obstructive sleep apnea. We used magnetic resonance imaging and automatic segmentation to delineate the upper airway in 20 children with obstructive sleep apnea and in 20 control subjects (age, 3.7 +/- 1.4 versus 3.9 +/- 1.7 years, respectively). We measured mean and minimal cross-sectional area, length, and volume of: (1) the total airway; (2) regions along the adenoid, tonsils, and where adenoid and tonsils overlap; and (3) 10 segments at 10% increments along the airway. The mean cross-sectional area of the total airway of the obstructive sleep apnea group was significantly smaller in comparison with the control group, 28.1 +/- 12.6 versus 47.1 +/- 18.2 mm(2), respectively (p < 0.0005). Minimal cross-sectional area and airway volume were smaller in this group, 4.6 +/- 3.3 versus 15.7 +/- 12.7 mm(2) (p < 0.0005), and 1,129 +/- 515 versus 1,794 +/- 846 mm(3) (p < 0.005), respectively. Regional analysis suggested that the upper airway in children with obstructive sleep apnea is most restricted where adenoid and tonsils overlap. Seg mental analysis demonstrated that the upper airway is restricted throughout the initial two-thirds of its length and that the narrowing is not in a discrete region adjacent to either the adenoid or tonsils, but rather in a continuous fashion along both.