Multimodal Visibility (Radiography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging) of Microspheres for Transarterial Embolization Tested in Porcine Kidneys
Multimodal Visibility (Radiography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging) of Microspheres for Transarterial Embolization Tested in Porcine Kidneys
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DOI：
10.1097/rli.0b013e31827f6598
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Radeleff, Boris A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sommer, Christof M.;Stampfl, Ulrike;Radeleff, Boris A.
目的：本研究的目的是测试多模式的可见性（放射摄影，计算机断层扫描[CT]，磁共振成像[MRI]）的微球经动脉栓塞在猪kidney.Materials和方法：目前可用的栓塞颗粒（微球）进行了修改。添加了致密的X射线材料（硫酸钡），以创建X线摄影和CT的可见性。另外添加磁性物质（氧化铁），以创建MRI可见性。对尺寸为100 +/-25和700 +/-50 μ m的颗粒进行这种化学改性。每个尺寸类别产生三种不同的原型（样品A、B和C），每种具有不同程度的硫酸钡但具有相同程度的氧化铁。目前可用的尺寸为100 +/- 25和700 +/- 50 μ m的栓塞颗粒用作对照（样本对照）。栓塞4头猪的8条肾动脉。研究终点是在体外评价的尺寸分布以及在vivo.Results中评价的定性和定量颗粒可见度：尺寸为100 +/- 25 μ m的颗粒的尺寸分布在样品A的96 +/- 11 μ m和样品对照的102 +/- 13 μ m之间，没有显著差异（n.s.）。尺寸为700 ± 50 μ m的颗粒的尺寸分布在样品A的691 ± 20 μ m和样品C的716 ± 34 μ m之间，没有显著差异（n.s.）。对于X线摄影，在栓塞过程中，样品A、B和C的尺寸为100 +/- 25和700 +/- 50 μ m的颗粒明确可见。样品对照品绝对不可见。对于CT和MRI（T1加权[T1 w]和T2加权[T2 w]），栓塞后样品A、B和C的100 +/- 25和700 +/- 50 μ m大小的颗粒明确可见。样品对照品绝对不可见。对于CT，样品A、B和C的信噪比在栓塞后显著增加（例如，样品A，颗粒尺寸为100 ± 25 μ m：66.5% ± 23.7%，P < 0.05）。栓塞后，样本对照的信噪比没有变化（例如，样本对照，尺寸为700 +/- 25 μ m的颗粒：-0.2% +/-15.2%，n. s）。对于MRI（T1 w和T2 w），样本A、B和C的信噪比在栓塞后显著降低（例如，样本B，颗粒尺寸为700 +/- 50 μ m，T1 w：-72.9% +/- 6.6%; P < 0.05）。栓塞后，样品对照品的信噪比未发生变化（例如，样品对照品，颗粒尺寸为100 +/- 25 μ m，T2 w：6.2% +/-16.1%，n.s.）。结论：在本研究中，对目前可用的经动脉栓塞微球进行化学改性，使其粒径分布与目前可用的微球相当，并为X线摄影、CT和MRI创建了多模态可见性。
Objective: The objective of this study was to test multimodal visibility (radiography, computed tomography [CT], and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) of microspheres for transarterial embolization in porcine kidneys.Materials and Methods: Currently available embolization particles (microspheres) were modified. A dense x-ray material (barium sulfate) was added to create visibility for radiography and CT. A magnetic substance (iron oxide) was additionally added to create visibility for MRI. This chemical modification was performed for particles with sizes of 100 +/- 25 and 700 +/- 50 mu m. Three different prototypes per size class (samples A, B, and C) resulted, each with a different degree of barium sulfate but with the same degree of iron oxide. The currently available embolization particles with sizes of 100 +/- 25 and 700 +/- 50 mu m were used as controls (sample control). Eight renal arteries of 4 pigs were embolized. Study end points were size distribution evaluated in vitro as well as qualitative and quantitative particle visibility evaluated in vivo.Results: The size distribution of the particles with a size of 100 +/- 25 mu m was between 96 +/- 11 mu m for sample A and 102 +/- 13 mu m for the sample control without significant differences (n.s.). The size distribution of the particles with a size of 700 +/- 50 mu m was between 691 +/- 20 mu m for sample A and 716 +/- 34 mu m for sample C without significant differences (n.s.). For radiography, the particles with sizes of 100 +/- 25 and 700 +/- 50 mu m for samples A, B, and C were definitely visible during the embolization. The sample control was definitely not visible. For CT and MRI (T1-weighted [T1w] and T2-weighted [T2w]), the particles with sizes of 100 +/- 25 and 700 +/- 50 mu m for samples A, B, and C were definitely visible after the embolization. The sample control was definitely not visible. For CT, the signal-to-noise ratio for samples A, B, and C increased significantly after the embolization (eg, sample A, particles with a size of 100 +/- 25 mu m: 66.5% +/- 23.7%, P < 0.05). The signal-to-noise ratio for the sample control did not change after the embolization (eg, sample control, particles with a size of 700 +/- 25 mu m: -0.2% +/- 15.2%, n.s.). For MRI (T1w and T2w), the signal-to-noise ratio for samples A, B, and C decreased significantly after the embolization (eg, sample B, particles with a size of 700 +/- 50 mu m, T1w: -72.9% +/- 6.6%; P < 0.05). The signal-to-noise ratio for the sample control did not change after the embolization (eg, sample control, particles with a size of 100 +/- 25 mu m, T2w: 6.2% +/- 16.1%, n.s.).Conclusions: In this study, the chemical modification of the currently available microspheres for transarterial embolization resulted in a size distribution comparable with the currently available microspheres and created multimodal visibility for radiography, CT, and MRI.