The impact of dietary methionine restriction on biomarkers of metabolic health.
The impact of dietary methionine restriction on biomarkers of metabolic health.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-800101-1.00011-9
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gettys, Thomas W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Orgeron, Manda L.;Stone, Kirsten P.;Wanders, Desiree;Cortez, Cory C.;Van, Nancy T.;Gettys, Thomas W.
没有营养不良的热量限制，通常被称为饮食限制（DR），导致寿命延长。DR还产生显著的，持久的改善代谢健康的生物标志物，开始后不久，它的介绍。这些改善部分归因于DR对能量平衡的影响，其通过减少能量摄入来限制脂肪积累。当能量摄入长期超过现有组织生长和维持所需的能量时，就会发生过量体脂的积累。由此产生的肥胖促进胰岛素抵抗、脂质代谢紊乱和外周组织中炎症标志物表达增加的发展。DR延长寿命的作用与肥胖之间的联系是一个正在进行的辩论的主题，但很明显，减少脂肪积累可以改善胰岛素敏感性，并对整体代谢健康产生有益的影响。在过去的20年里，饮食蛋氨酸限制（MR）已经成为一种有前途的DR模拟物，因为它产生了相当的寿命延长，但令人惊讶的是，不需要食物限制。饮食MR也减少肥胖，但这样做是通过一个矛盾的增加能量摄入和支出。能量消耗的增加完全补偿了增加的能量摄入，并有效地限制了脂肪沉积。也许更重要的是，这种饮食增加了代谢灵活性和整体胰岛素敏感性，改善了脂质代谢，同时减少了全身炎症。在这一章中，我们描述了最近的进展，我们了解的机制和影响的饮食MR和讨论剩余的障碍，实施MR作为一种治疗代谢性疾病。
Calorie restriction without malnutrition, commonly referred to as dietary restriction (DR), results in a well-documented extension of life span. DR also produces significant, long-lasting improvements in biomarkers of metabolic health that begin to accrue soon after its introduction. The improvements are attributable in part to the effects of DR on energy balance, which limit fat accumulation through reduction in energy intake. Accumulation of excess body fat occurs when energy intake chronically exceeds the energy costs for growth and maintenance of existing tissue. The resulting obesity promotes the development of insulin resistance, disordered lipid metabolism, and increased expression of inflammatory markers in peripheral tissues. The link between the life-extending effects of DR and adiposity is the subject of an ongoing debate, but it is clear that decreased fat accumulation improves insulin sensitivity and produces beneficial effects on overall metabolic health. Over the last 20 years, dietary methionine restriction (MR) has emerged as a promising DR mimetic because it produces a comparable extension in life span, but surprisingly, does not require food restriction. Dietary MR also reduces adiposity but does so through a paradoxical increase in both energy intake and expenditure. The increase in energy expenditure fully compensates for increased energy intake and effectively limits fat deposition. Perhaps more importantly, the diet increases metabolic flexibility and overall insulin sensitivity and improves lipid metabolism while decreasing systemic inflammation. In this chapter, we describe recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms and effects of dietary MR and discuss the remaining obstacles to implementing MR as a treatment for metabolic disease.