Pseudopregnancy and aseasonal breeding in dairy goats: genetic basis of fertility and impact on lifetime productivity.
Pseudopregnancy and aseasonal breeding in dairy goats: genetic basis of fertility and impact on lifetime productivity.
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奶山羊的假妊娠和非季节性繁殖：生育力的遗传基础及其对终生生产力的影响。
DOI：
10.1017/s1751731117003056
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Desire S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Desire S
直到最近，英国奶山羊的主要选择重点一直是产奶量。为了开发一个选择指数适当加权的各种性状，重要的是要了解生产，健康和生育性状之间的遗传关系。本研究集中在三个方面的繁殖是感兴趣的山羊育种。(1)反季节（OOS）能力：山羊是季节性很强的繁殖者，因此实现全年一致的乳制品生产是一个挑战。选择延长或改变繁殖周期是可能的，但是，没有关于季节性产羔能力的遗传基础以及与奶山羊产奶量的遗传相关性的已发表研究;（2）首次产羔年龄（AFK）：AFK的减少为更快的遗传改良提供了机会，并减少了将动物饲养到生产年龄所需的时间和资源;（3）假性妊娠（PPG）：由于难以在交配后30天内诊断妊娠，高水平的PPG可能会显著延迟繁殖替代动物或开始新的泌乳。本研究利用9546只山羊的记录，探讨了上述繁殖性状与生产性状520 d产奶量（MY 520）、终生产奶量（MYLife）和终生产奶天数（DIMLife）之间的遗传关系。“过季”表型被定义为相对于一年中平均出生数最高的4周的开玩笑周。在第一次泌乳期间发生的PPG的发生率被用作病例，而没有发生PPG的山羊被指定为对照。在模型中拟合了相关的固定和随机效应。与其他繁殖性状一致，遗传力估计值较低，范围为0.08至0.11。AFK与MY 520之间存在负遗传相关性（-0.22 ±0.10），而PPG与DIMLife之间存在正遗传相关性（0.58±0.11）。假孕激素与OOS呈正相关（0.36±0.15）。所有其他遗传相关性都很低。这项研究的结果表明，选择分析的生殖性状是可行的，没有不利影响MYLife。
Until recently, the main selection focus in UK dairy goats has been on milk yield. To develop a selection index suitably weighted for a variety of traits, it is important to understand the genetic relationships between production, health and fertility traits. This study focussed on three aspects of reproduction that are of interest to goat breeders. (1) Out of season (OOS) kidding ability: goats are highly seasonal breeders so achieving consistent, year-round dairy production presents a challenge. It may be possible to select for extended or shifted breeding cycles, however, there are no published studies on the genetic basis of seasonal kidding ability, and a genetic correlation with milk production in dairy goats; (2) age at first kidding (AFK): a reduced AFK offers the opportunity for more rapid genetic improvement, as well as reducing the amount of time and resources required to raise the animals to producing age; (3) pseudopregnancy (PPG): as it is difficult to diagnose pregnancy within 30 days of mating, high herd levels of PPG could add a significant delay in breeding replacement animals, or commencing a new lactation. Using records from 9546 goats, the objective of this study was to investigate the genetic relationships between the reproductive traits described above, and the production traits 520-day milk yield (MY520), lifetime milk yield (MYLife) and lifetime number of days in milk (DIMLife). The ‘out of season’ phenotype was defined as week of kidding relative to the 4 weeks of the year where the highest average number of births occur. Incidences of PPG that occurred during the first lactation were used as cases, while goats with none were assigned as controls. Relevant fixed and random effects were fitted in the models. In line with other reproduction traits, heritability estimates were low ranging from 0.08 to 0.11. A negative genetic correlation was found between AFK and MY520 (−0.22±0.10), whereas a positive genetic correlation was found between PPG and DIMLife (0.58±0.11). Pseudopregnancy and OOS were positively genetically correlated (0.36±0.15). All other genetic correlations were very low. The results of this study indicate that selection for the reproductive traits analysed is feasible, without adversely affecting MYLife.
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发表时间：
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