CO-ORDINATING SYSTEMS AND BEHAVIOUR IN HYDRA. II. THE RHYTHMIC POTENTIAL SYSTEM.
CO-ORDINATING SYSTEMS AND BEHAVIOUR IN HYDRA. II. THE RHYTHMIC POTENTIAL SYSTEM.
复制标题
九头蛇的协调系统和行为。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1965
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
C. B. Mccullough
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Passano;C. B. Mccullough
1. 几个水螅物种还描述了两个进一步的协调系统，节律电位（或 RP）和前运动爆发（PLB）系统。 2. RP 脉冲可以从列中的任何位置记录。它们体积小，形状独特，直通直径为 4 厘米。每秒并且没有直接的行为关联。 3. RP 起搏器出现在整个柱体中，但靠近基部的起搏器最为活跃。冲动以或多或少有规律、有节奏的方式内源性地启动，频率为每分钟 1-10 次。 4. 对柱的机械或电刺激增强起搏器活动，并且经常将活动位点移向刺激点。饥饿会在几天后抑制活动。 5. 中等光照对 RP 起搏器有双重影响：它几乎立即抑制当前活跃的位点，然后由基底盘起搏器触发较长时间的节律性增强。两种效应显示出相同的光谱灵敏度，对蓝光最敏感，而对红光完全不敏感。 RP 传导不受光影响。 6. 氯酮首先影响收缩爆发系统和表皮肌肉，然后影响内源性 RP 起搏器活动，而 RP 反应性和传导仍然不受影响。这些影响是可逆的。 7. RP脉冲首先可以在仍然附着的芽中检测到，但它们的节律较慢，不太规则且对光不敏感。 8. PLB 系统在其脉冲特征上类似于 RP 系统，在其偶尔爆发的活动方面类似于收缩爆发系统。 PLB 起搏器位于口下区域。这些冲动先于（并且可能导致）独特的运动收缩爆发。 9. 结论是 RP 系统由两个不同的部分组成：起搏器和传导网络；建议起搏器为原神经元，RP 和 PLB 传导均为肌样。
1. Two further co-ordinating systems, the rhythmic potential (or RP) and the pre-locomotor burst (PLB) systems, are described from several species of Hydra . 2. RP impulses may be recorded from anywhere in the column. They are small, distinctive in shape, through-conducted at 4 cm. per sec. and without direct behavioural correlates. 3. RP pacemakers occur throughout the column, but those near the base are the most active. Impulses are initiated endogenously in a more or less regular, rhythmic manner, with a frequency of 1-10 per min. 4. Mechanical or electrical stimulation of the column enhance pacemaker activity and often shift the active loci towards the points stimulated. Starvation depresses activity after several days. 5. Moderate illumination has a dual effect on RP pacemakers: it causes almost immediate inhibition of the currently active locus, and then an extended period of rhythmic enhancement triggered by basal disk pacemakers. Both effects show the same spectral sensitivity with the greatest sensitivity to blue light and total insensitivity to the red. RP conduction is unaffected by light. 6. Chloretone affects first the contraction-burst system and the epidermal muscles, then endogenous RP pacemaker activity, while RP responsiveness and conduction are still unaffected. These effects are reversible. 7. RP impulses can first be detected in still-attached buds, but their rhythms are slower, less regular and not light-sensitive. 8. The PLB system resembles the RP system in the character of its impulses, and the contraction-burst system in its occasional bursts of activity. PLB pacemakers are in the subhypostomal region. These impulses precede (and presumably cause) the distinctive locomotor contraction bursts. 9. It is concluded that the RP system consists of two distinct components, the pacemakers and the conducting network; it is suggested that the pacemakers are protoneurons and that both RP and PLB conduction is myoid.