The biphasic effects of alcohol: Comparisons of subjective and objective measures of stimulation, sedation, and physical activity
The biphasic effects of alcohol: Comparisons of subjective and objective measures of stimulation, sedation, and physical activity
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00518.x
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dougherty, Donald M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Addicott, Merideth A.;Marsh-Richard, Dawn M.;Dougherty, Donald M.
背景：酒精产生刺激和镇静的双相作用。对这些影响的敏感性可能会增加发展成酒精中毒的风险。在人类研究中，通常通过自我报告问卷来评估酒精诱导的刺激和镇静变化，在动物研究中，通常通过体力活动监测来评估。然而，人们对酒精对身体活动的影响或身体活动与饮酒后刺激和镇静的主观自我报告之间的关系知之甚少。方法：30名21-38岁的健康男性和女性(n=15)完成了每日的身体活动测量和饮酒或安慰剂后的刺激和镇静自我报告。在四个实验日的每一天，所有参与者按平衡顺序摄入安慰剂、0.4、0.6或0.8克/公斤的95%酒精。在基线和呼吸酒精浓度(BRAC)曲线的上升和下降肢体上测量呼吸酒精浓度、体力活动水平以及自我报告的刺激和镇静。结果：所有酒精剂量都增加了体力活动，但这种增加是时间和剂量依赖性的。体力活动的增加持续了BRAC曲线的上升和下降两个分支。在0.6g/kg剂量后，体力活动和自我报告的刺激都在上升中增加。对自我报告的镇静评分的单独分析表明，在0.6和0.8克/公斤剂量下，饮酒也增加了镇静。在任何时间点，体力活动与自我报告的刺激或镇静都没有显著的相关性。结论：这些发现表明，主观测量的刺激和镇静的评估以及客观测量的体力活动都评估了酒精影响的独特方面。同时使用这些方法，可能有助于研究酒精对行为影响的潜在机制。
Background: Alcohol produces biphasic effects of both stimulation and sedation. Sensitivity to these effects may increase the risk for the development of alcoholism. Alcohol-induced changes in stimulation and sedation are commonly assessed with self-report questionnaires in human research and with physical activity monitoring in animal research. However, little is known about the effects of alcohol on physical activity or the relationship between physical activity and subjective self-report measures of stimulation and sedation following alcohol consumption in humans.Methods: Thirty healthy men and women (n = 15 each) from 21 to 38 years old completed daily measurements of physical activity and self-reports of stimulation and sedation following alcohol or placebo consumption. Across each of the four experimental days, all participants consumed a placebo, 0.4, 0.6, or 0.8 g/kg dose of 95% alcohol in a counterbalanced order. Breath alcohol concentrations, physical activity levels, and self-reported stimulation and sedation were measured at baseline and on the ascending and descending limbs of the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) curve.Results: All alcohol doses increased physical activity, but these increases were time- and dose-dependent. Increases in physical activity lasted across both ascending and descending limbs of the BrAC curve. Following the 0.6 g/kg dose, both physical activity and self-reported stimulation increased during the ascending BrAC. Separate analyses of self-reported sedation scores indicated that alcohol consumption also increased sedation for the 0.6 and 0.8 g/kg doses. Physical activity was not significantly correlated with either self-reported stimulation or sedation at any time point.Conclusions: These findings suggest that assessments of subjectively measured stimulation and sedation and objectively measured physical activity each assess unique aspects of the effects of alcohol. Used simultaneously, these measures may be useful for examining underlying mechanisms of the effects of alcohol on behavior.