An integrated approach for the analysis and control of grid connected energy storage systems
An integrated approach for the analysis and control of grid connected energy storage systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.est.2015.11.011
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
C. Patsios;Billy Wu;E. Chatzinikolaou;Daniel J. Rogers;N. Wade;N. Brandon;P. Taylor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Patsios;Billy Wu;E. Chatzinikolaou;Daniel J. Rogers;N. Wade;N. Brandon;P. Taylor
本文提出了一种集成的建模方法，其中包括降阶模型的锂离子电池和电力电子转换器，连接到一个35节点的配电网模型。文献中包含许多单独的能量存储介质，电力电子接口和能量存储控制算法的隔离建模的例子。然而，当评估一个完整的储能系统的性能时，组件之间的相互作用会产生一系列现象，如果孤立地研究，这些现象很难量化。本文提出了一种集成的电热化学建模方法，旨在解决这个问题，直接通过将电池单元化学，电力电子电路和电网操作的降阶模型集成到一个计算效率高的框架。该框架能够以比实时快100倍的速度进行仿真，并捕捉在简单的电池和电源转换器模型或非集成框架中通常无法观察到的现象。所有的模拟使用记录在英国的真实的系统负载配置文件。为了说明这种建模方法的固有优势，两个具体的相互关联的影响进行了研究：电池浮充充电状态的选择对整个系统的效率和电池退化率（容量/功率衰减）的影响。较高的充电状态操作由于电池的较低极化损耗和转换器中的较低损耗而提供改进的效率，然而，由于固体电解质界面层的加速生长而观察到电池退化速率的增加。我们证明，电网控制目标可以通过几种不同的方式来实现，但所做的选择可以大幅提高系统往返效率，最多可减少43%的损耗，或将电池退化减少两倍，具体取决于电池系统的使用情况。
This paper presents an integrated modelling methodology which includes reduced-order models of a lithium ion battery and a power electronic converter, connected to a 35-bus distribution network model. The literature contains many examples of isolated modelling of individual energy storage mediums, power electronic interfaces and control algorithms for energy storage. However, when assessing the performance of a complete energy storage system, the interaction between components gives rise to a range of phenomena that are difficult to quantify if studied in isolation. This paper proposes an integrated electro–thermo–chemical modelling methodology that seeks to address this problem directly by integrating reduced-order models of battery cell chemistry, power electronic circuits and grid operation into a computationally efficient framework. The framework is capable of simulation speeds over 100 times faster than real-time and captures phenomena typically not observed in simpler battery and power converter models or non-integrated frameworks. All simulations are performed using real system load profiles recorded in the United Kingdom. To illustrate the advantages inherent in such a modelling approach, two specific interconnected effects are investigated: the effect of the choice of battery float state-of-charge on overall system efficiency and the rate of battery degradation (capacity/power fade). Higher state-of-charge operation offers improved efficiency due to lower polarisation losses of the battery and lower losses in the converter, however, an increase in the rate of battery degradation is observed due to the accelerated growth of the solid-electrolyte interphase layer. We demonstrate that grid control objectives can be met in several different ways, but that the choices made can result in a substantial improvement in system roundtrip efficiency, with up to a 43% reduction in losses, or reduction in battery degradation by a factor of two, depending on battery system use case.