Pragmatic Networks and Transnational Governance of Private Military and Security Services
Pragmatic Networks and Transnational Governance of Private Military and Security Services
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私营军事和安全服务的务实网络和跨国治理
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
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通讯作者：
Deborah D. Avant
中科院分区：
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作者：
Deborah D. Avant
2004年，私营军事和保安公司缺乏有效的跨国管理。然而，十年后，一个商定的框架将这些服务纳入了既定的国际法。它激发了各种补充性的非约束性文书，并促使政府政策发生变化。霸权秩序理论，无论是现实主义者还是自由主义者，都认为这一变化反映了美国偏好的变化。但美国最初对跨国协调没有表现出兴趣。我从实用主义和网络理论中建立了另一种解释。由瑞士牵头的一个进程围绕监管私营军事和安保公司的问题在利益攸关方之间建立了联系。与会者之间相对开放的互动激发了原创性的想法，而这些想法又似乎有助于解决这一问题。它们的有用性导致更多的行为者“购买”这一进程。这种关系实用主义的解释为理解治理的本质和发展提供了新的途径。
In 2004 private military and security companies lacked effective transnational governance. Ten years later, however, an agreed-upon framework drew these services within established international law. It inspired various complementary non-binding instruments and instigated changes in government policy. Hegemonic-order theories, whether realist or liberal, would expect this change to reflect shifts in US preferences. But the United States displayed no initial interest in transnational coordination. I build an alternative explanation from pragmatism and network theory. A Swiss-led process created connections among stakeholders around the problem of regulating private military and security companies. Relatively open interactions among participants spurred original ideas, which in turn appeared useful for addressing the issue. Their usefulness, led more actors to “buy into” the process. This relational-pragmatic account offers new ways for understanding the nature and development of governance.