Historical resurvey indicates no decline in Argentine ant site occupancy in coastal southern California
Historical resurvey indicates no decline in Argentine ant site occupancy in coastal southern California
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10530-020-02211-x
复制
发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Holway, David A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Menke, Sean B.;Holway, David A.
预测引进物种的丰度和分布随时间的变化是困难的，但关于这些变化的根本原因的线索可能来自长期调查。例如，在大的空间尺度上进行的再调查可以用来区分特定地点的下降原因和在人口一级起作用的原因。在这里，我们使用区域调查数据，以解决阿根廷蚂蚁网站占用的城市，农业和自然环境中的变化，在南部沿海加州。我们重新调查了145个最初在12 - 14年前取样的地点，观察到阿根廷蚂蚁的地盘占有率略有下降，从85%下降到79%。然而，在大多数明显没有记录的地点，阿根廷蚂蚁只是撤退到禁止取样区（半径为25米的圆圈）之外，平均而言，仍然在原取样点80米以内。因此，这一发现表明，观察到的明显缺席最有可能反映了多室超级殖民地所占面积的收缩，可能是对环境条件的局部尺度变化的反应，而不是在更大的空间尺度上的过程。我们亦对所有城市抽样点（n = 95）进行了连续的年度再调查（2018年及2019年），以量化土地占用的年度营业额。这些再调查显示，两年内有2.4%的研究中心营业额，97%（92/95）的研究中心被分类为存在（n = 85）或不存在（n = 7）。我们的研究结果支持在北方加州进行的调查结果，阿根廷蚂蚁分布在十年的时间尺度上缓慢扩大。历史调查可以深入了解为什么引进物种的种群会随着时间的推移而变化，并应包括对入侵者特征如何影响可检测性的理解。
Predicting changes in the abundance and distribution of introduced species over time is difficult, but clues regarding the underlying causes of these changes may come from long-term surveys. Resurveys conducted over large spatial scales, for example, can be used to discriminate between site-specific causes of decline and those that act at the population level. Here we used regional resurvey data to address changes in Argentine ant site occupancy in urban, agricultural, and natural environments in coastal southern California. We resurveyed 145 locations originally sampled 12-14 years ago and observed a slight decrease in Argentine ant site occupation, from 85 to 79% across all sites. At the majority of sites where apparent absences were recorded, however, the Argentine ant had merely retreated outside of the proscribed sampling area (a 25-m radius circle) and was still present within 80 m, on average, of the original sampling point. This finding thus suggests that the apparent absences observed most likely reflect contractions of the area occupied by polydomous supercolonies, possibly in response to local-scale changes in environmental conditions, as opposed to processes acting at larger spatial scales. We also conducted back-to-back annual resurveys (in 2018 and 2019) of all urban sampling points (n = 95) to quantify annual turnover in site occupancy. These resurveys revealed 2.4% site turnover with 97% (92/95) sites being classified as either presences (n = 85) or absences (n = 7) in both years. Our results support the findings of resurveys conducted in northern California, where Argentine ant distributions have slowly expanded over decadal time scales. Historical resurveys can provide insights into why populations of introduced species change over time and should incorporate an appreciation of how invader traits affect detectability.